Serbia

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global One Health threat that jeopardizes healthcare globally, with projections of more than 10 million lives prematurely lost per year becoming the leading cause of death by 2050. Several factors underlay this dire predicament, including a poorly educated populace and patients regarding best practices for antibiotic stewardship. Specifically, children and parents have inadequate antibiotic knowledge for basic usage. Currently, &quot;parents wanted reassurance and advice regarding children&#39;s illnesses,&quot; which requires accessible education, such as simple information leaflets. Specifically, antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic disposal and the environmental effect of AMR is highly neglected worldwide but critical to address to prevent harm to human and animal health. Currently, past antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic disposal has been largely ineffective with a typically top-to-bottom approach, which requires a bottom-to-top approach to increase public awareness and support.

7th Public Health Conference

A Case for Early Education Toward Sustainable Antibiotic Stewardship

Public Health Conference (PHC) is one of a kind platform for global stakeholders from academic, professional and governmental realms to gather, network and discuss healthcare, public health and medical science.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global One Health threat that jeopardizes healthcare globally, with projections of more than 10 million lives prematurely lost per year becoming the leading cause of death by 2050. Several factors underlay this dire predicament, including a poorly educated populace and patients regarding best practices for antibiotic stewardship. Specifically, children and parents have inadequate antibiotic knowledge for basic usage. Currently, "parents wanted reassurance and advice regarding children's illnesses," which requires accessible education, such as simple information leaflets. Specifically, antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic disposal and the environmental effect of AMR is highly neglected worldwide but critical to address to prevent harm to human and animal health. Currently, past antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic disposal has been largely ineffective with a typically top-to-bottom approach, which requires a bottom-to-top approach to increase public awareness and support.

technical paper

The present research was designed to evaluate the combined effects of iron fortificants and prebiotics on serum folate levels among iron deficient women of reproductive age.
To serve this purpose, a double blind randomized control study was designed involving n = 75 iron deficient women of reproductive age group. These women were divided into 5 groups, each having 15 subjects. One group was control while other four were treatment groups. They were given varying combinations of iron fortificants and prebiotics on daily basis for 90 days. Iron fortificants included ferrous sulphate and sodium iron EDTA while prebiotics consisted of Inulin and galacto-oligosaccharides. Overnight fasting blood samples were taken from women at baseline, 30th, 60th and 90th days, respectively. Mean square values for serum folate levels showed that there were significant variations for the effect of groups, study intervals as well as the interaction between groups and study intervals (P-value Our current study concluded that iron fortificants and prebiotics when combined, could significantly improve serum folate levels among women of reproductive age. This particular potential of prebiotics could further be exploited to address the global health issue of iron deficiency anemia, effectively.

Iron Fortificants & Pre-Biotics significantly improve Serum Folate Levels in Iron Deficient Women of Reproductive Age

The contents of the issues involved in children's health are becoming more complex. In many countries, school nurses in charge of multiple schools carry out health maintenance and management of children. In Japan, in a unique system,full-time teachers are assigned to each school. In addition to the diversity of duties, there are issues related to the system.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the job contents and issues in school health by reviewing the literature.

Examination of Job Content and Issues in School Health and Management - Multilateral Comparison by Literature Review

Despite an inadequate filling of prescriptions among diabetic patients has been a major public health problem, little is known about the interventions effect on it. 

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) was to investigate the effectiveness of the various public health interventions on primary and secondary medication adherence among T2DM patients. 
Methods: Searching was done from the major databases; Cochrane Library, Medline/PubMed, EBSCOhost, and SCOPUS. Hand search was made to find grey literature. Articles focused on interventions to enhance primary and secondary medication among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were included. After screening and checking eligibility, the methodological quality was assessed. Secondary medication adherence was synthesized descriptively due to measurement and definitions variations across the studies. Finally, meta-analysis was made using fixed effects model for primary medication adherence.

Effectiveness of Public Health Interventions on Improving Prescription Redemptions and Medication Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

This study analyzed weather conditions due to which students are likely to get sick or suffer injuries by examining the correlation between student visits to the treatment room and weather data. The aim is to ensure that students can lead a comfortable school life. Thus, it is necessary to consider the measures that teachers need to take.
We examined the correlation between the number of medical and surgical complaints by symptom in the treatment room visit record of a junior high and high school in 2019 and weather data. For the meteorological data, the data published by the Japan Meteorological Agency was used. Correlation analysis and an uncorrelated test were conducted (p The main complaints correlated with temperature were headache, abdominal pain, dizziness, constipation (p It was found that on hot days, illness and injury are likely to occur. Especially in the summer, teachers need to prepare the environment of the classrooms and gymnasiums, and have student drinking water and stretch when exercising.

Correlation Between Student Complaints and Meteorological Data

Medical laboratory test results serve as an instrument for the diagnosis and decision-making of clinical doctors about their patients. According to studies, an estimated 60-70% of clinical decisions regarding a patient's diagnosis, prescription, hospital admission and discharge are based on laboratory test results (Abdollahi & Saffar, 2014). Hence, mistakes made in every step of the total testing process (TTP) can potentially harm and affect the patients’ safety. This then gives importance to the identification and establishment of valuable quality indicators (QIs) which measure the processes, performance, and results in a healthcare setting reflecting the healthcare quality of a facility, and are used mainly to compare, measure, monitor, and improve their healthcare services or outcomes for the patients (Quentin et al., 2019). These indicators are crucial in ensuring that every step in the TTP is correctly performed and the best possible health outcomes are delivered. However, current QIs in the medical laboratory tend to focus on the efficiency of analytical processes, despite recent evidence suggesting that most errors occur outside the analytical phase (Plebani, 2012).

Pre-Analytical Laboratory Performance Evaluation Utilizing Quality Indicators Between Private and Government-Owned Hospitals Affiliated to University of Santo Tomas

Elementary school students regularly take physical measurements to check their health and growth and development. However, healthy schoolchildren usually do not undergo blood tests, so the influence of the body on healthy dietary habits is not known. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between body image or food consciousness and serum lipids in Japanese boys aged 9–10 years. This can be important data when considering dietary education’s significance. 
We obtained data on body image, food consciousness, and serum lipids of 242 fourth-grade (9–10 years) boys in Japan’s A city from 2014 to 2016. We divided them into two groups based on their body image or food consciousness, and compared the serum lipid level and BMI of the groups using an unpaired t-test.

Relationship Between Body Image or Food Consciousness and Serum Lipids in Boys Aged 9-10 Years in Japan

The bulk of donated medical equipment in developing nations like Yemen is said to be inoperable owing to poor medical device management techniques, with estimates ranging as high as 80% out of service. There is, however, little documented evidence to back up these allegations.
With gratitude, I want to share this research that I did in the Yemeni governmental health sector, from which I discovered some circumstances that lead to the medical devices being given out of service.
This research is meant to provide some recommendations to underdeveloped countries regarding the proper optimization of donated medical devices, this will hopefully help developing public health services in these nations.

Proper Optimization Strategy for Donated Medical Devices in Yemeni Governmental Medical Sector

The role of schoolteachers in the event of a large-scale disaster is to ensure the safety of children, confirm the safety of children, and work toward the early normalization of school education activities. From our previous studies, few teachers envisioned teacher behavior when the school became an evacuation center. This study was conducted to understand how student-teachers perceive their role in school after the disaster. The study used a qualitative and descriptive study design. The participants were 143 students enrolled in the teacher-training course at this university and who took the training during their educational training. During training, students’ readiness was assessed through the following instruction: “Please itemize the three roles of teachers in the school after the disaster.” The submitted description was itemized into meaningful nouns using IBM SPSS Text Analytics for Surveys 4 (International Business Machines Corporation). I have summarized them in terms of meaning.

Awareness of the Role of Students Aspiring to be Teachers in Disaster Prevention

During the Covid-19 epidemic, more attention has been paid to the management of children's health, and regular medical checkups can detect diseases early and prevent some diseases brought about by bad habits. By comparing the differences between Chinese and Japanese school health checkups, we are looking for a better health checkup system.
Comparing students' physical and mental health through two methods: national literature and health screening practices in schools. we compared the following four aspects of school health check-ups in China with those in Japan: the purpose, included items, providers of school health-ups, and their behaviors and roles. We hope to improve the student physical examination system by comparing the school physical examinations in China and Japan and finding the strengths and weaknesses of each.

A Comparison of School health Check up in China and Japan

Dental caries and gingivitis are the prominent oral diseases among children with social disadvantage such as differently-abled children.  Oral health service utilization (OHSU) of these children can be even more challenging. This study evaluates the prevalence of dental carries and gingivitis and determines the factors affecting OHSU of the differently-abled school children in Katmandu, using the Anderson health care utilization model.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the schools in Kathmandu that enroll the differently-abled children from which a total of 400 school children aged 7-18 years old were randomly selected for the study. The children’s oral health status was examined by a dentist. Data on predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need factors of the children were collected fromtheir legal guardians,using a self-administered questionnaire. A multiple logistic regression model was performed to assess the association of the predisposing, enabling, and need factors with OHSU.  

A Case for Early Education Toward Sustainable Antibiotic Stewardship

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