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High-speed and intelligent gate driver is the critical interface between power semiconductor devices and control signals to achieve low switching loss and intelligent protection. The proposed novel Source Turn-Off (STO) MOSFET is a driver integrated MOSFET architecture that can achieve ultra-fast turnon and turn-off operation beyond traditional voltage source gate driver approach. 1200V SiC STO half bridge was developed to demonstrate the concept. Faster switching speed and lower switching losses are demonstrated. The STO can be readily realized by using commercially available Si power MOS IC which can further enable intelligent functionalities such as build-in current monitoring, temperature monitoring and over current protection which are important for high power SiC modules.

IEEE WiPDA 2022

Source Turn-Off (STO) MOSFET: A New Driving Architecture for Smart SiC Module

gate driver

sic mosfet

poster

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 The IEEE Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices & Applications (WiPDA) provides a forum for device scientists, circuit designers, & application engineers from the Power Electronics & Electron Devices Societies to share technology updates, research findings, experience & potential applications.
 
 **Topics of interest**
* Heteroepitaxial & Bulk Materials Growth
* Gate Dielectrics & Surface Passivation
* Device Structures & Fabrication Techniques
* Device Characterization & Modeling
* Very-High Efficiency Or Compact Converters
* Safe Operating Areas Of Wide Bandgap Devices, including Short Circuit, Spike, &Transient Tolerance
* Harsh Environment (High Temperature) Operation & Reliability
* Packaging Power Modules & ICs
* Gate Drive & Other Auxiliary Circuits
* High-Performance Passive Components
* Hard-Switched & Soft-Switched Application Analysis
* Applications in Renewable Energy & Energy Storage, Transportation, Industrial Drives, Grid Power Systems, Space and Aerospace
* Wide Bandgap System Design Philosophies & Strategies
* Radio Frequency (RF) GaN
* Technology Roadmap of Wide Bandgap Including Devices, Applications and Packaging

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The IEEE Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices & Applications (WiPDA) provides a forum for device scientists, circuit designers, & application engineers from the Power Electronics & Electron Devices Societies to share technology updates, research findings, experience & potential applications.

Wide-bandgap GaN devices are emerging as promising candidates for high switching frequency, highvoltage applications, and high-temperature operation in smart power conversion systems. This work introduces a monolithic GaN MIS-HEMT-based voltage reference consisting of two transistors (2T), a D-mode and an E-mode device. Experimental results have been obtained that a 2.5 V reference voltage (VREF) is produced for a supply voltage ranging from 5 to 50 V, achieving a maximum VREF line sensitivity of 0.065%/V and a temperature coefficient of 24.6~28.6 ppm/°C from −25 to 225 °C. This structure also shows competitive levels of uniformity, power consumption and flexibility. With the superior characteristics of the GaN device, the presented results will provide stable reference voltage in various sensing and biasing circuits, especially for GaN power ICs.

A 5 to 50 V, −25 to 225 °C, 0.065%/°C GaN MISHEMT Monolithic Compact 2T Voltage Reference

Bidirectional High Voltage Conversion Ratio High-Frequency DC/DC Converter with Low Number of Components

The wide-band gap devices can switch at a higher frequency with a higher dV/dt well as improve switching performance. The optimization of busbars can reduce the power loop parasitic which will reduce the overvoltages during the device’s state transient. Busbar is not only required to carry and distribute the current to the power module, but also need to provide a path for decouple the high-frequency current ringing and minimize the impact of high-frequency current coupling. This paper introduced a workflow of a high power three-phase inverter design by considering the power converter layout to achieve the maximum power and , and a compara

Busbar Design and Optimization for High Power Three-Phase Inverter with WBG Device

Application of wide band gap (WBG) devices in power electronics converters enable high frequency and high-speed operation, together with reduced conduction losses. Gallium-Nitride (GaN) devices are more promising as they offer low chip area, and stable variation of channel resistance. Such devices can be employed in current source inverters (CSI) where two of them need to be connected in anti-series to make a reverse voltage blocking (RVB) switch. RVB switches are not only important in CSIs, but also find their applications in matrix converters, high voltage DC circuit breakers and T-type voltage source inverters. This paper discusses a switching event comprising of turn-on and turn-off phenomenon in RVB switch. Since the impact of layout parasitic onto gate drivers has been a common issue for GaN based converters, the paper presented a switching events, and discussed all the contributors which help or worsen the driving of bi-directional switches.

Analysis of a Switching Event and Its Impact on Gate Drive in Gallium-Nitride Based Bi-Directional Switches

Embedding diagnostic and prognostic into power electronics has the potential to increase the reliability and resiliency of and increasing automated adaptability in variable operating conditions has increased the reliability and resiliency of these systems, especially with the transition to wide bandgap semiconductors where higher voltages, lower on-state resistances, and faster switching speed can lead to rapid failures under conditions such as shoot through. This value proposition requires minimally invasive sensing elements that provide real-time monitoring of online system operations such that parasitic values are not introduced, which erode performance. Presented is an insitu current sensing circuit with integration to the controller to provide enhanced operational capabilities such as submicrosecond short circuit protection and power semiconductor device on-state resistance measurement. Techniques developed for measurement and protection are not limited to the tested SiC devices and may be extended to numerous types of critical components. These techniques can provide detailed, real-time state of health estimation for critical components and system capabilities, thus, enhancing system reliability.

In-Situ Ultrafast Sensing Techniques for Prognostics and Protection of SiC Devices

The transformer flux unbalance in dual-activebridge (DAB) converters is a critical issue due to the electrical parameter and modulation mismatch, and load or control transients. Compared to low voltage DAB converters, the unbalance problem in medium voltage DAB converters may cause more severe problem, and become more difficult to deal with, because of the high operating voltage and insulation requirement. In this paper, a flux balancing strategy for a medium voltage (MV) DAB converter is proposed, including the transformer design with ferrite gap, current harmonic-based unbalance detection, as well as the flux balancing control scheme. With the proposed ferrite gap, nonlinear magnetizing current and its modeling are induced. Then, by analyzing the current harmonics, the flux unbalance level can be detected, and hence controlled. Test results have verified the proposed method in a MV DAB converter.

A Flux Balancing Strategy for 10-kV SiC-Based Dual-Active-Bridge Converter

This paper presents the initial evaluation of a 3.3- kV, SiC MOSFET power module (not fully populated) from Wolfspeed, including static, short circuit (SC), and partial discharge (PD) test results. Static characterization results are presented first. The module performance change after repetitive pulse SC tests is provided by comparing the original static characterization test results to the one performed after the SC stress tests. More electric aircrafts (MEA) require an increased electric system voltage level (e.g., 230 VAC constant or variable frequency, ± 270 VDC or 540 VDC) and make PD a very relevant and urgent issue. Thus, PD evaluation tests for the module package are included for different air pressures from Sea Level (i.e., 760 Torr) to 50,000 feet (i.e., 87 Torr) altitude. The PD inception voltage (PDIV) and extinction voltage (PDEV) obtained via experimentation are presented in this paper.

Short Circuit Ruggedness and Partial Discharge Evaluation of a 3.3 kV SiC MOSFET Power Module

SiC MOSFETs are a beneficial solution in motor inverter applications because of their remarkable intrinsic diode reverse recovery behavior. SiC MOSFETs have successfully emerged as the best choice as devices for realizing high performance and high power motor drive in, for example, electric vehicles, but have rarely been used in low power motor drive for applications. In this work, an all-in-one system integrated SiC intelligent power module, which integrates the MCU, memory, SRAM, motor control library, ADC, DAC, gate drivers, and SiC MOSFETs was proposed to explore the benefits and potential of SiC MOSFETs in highly integrated BLDC/PMSM motor drive. As a result, SiC solution generally saves over 80% of space, improves the thermal performance by 27.7°C, and enhances 3% of efficiency compared to the silicon counterparts.

A Highly Integrated Sensorless Field Oriented Control BLDC / PMSM Inverter with 99% Efficiency Enabled by an All-in-One System Integrated Full SiC Intelligent Power Module (sIPM®)

The role of an academic in the area of SiC power devices can be categorized as: (1) Fundamental Theoretical Predictions; (2) Fundamental Scientific Knowledge; (3) Fundamental Device Structures; (4) Device Structural Innovations; (5) Device Physics and Analysis; and (6) Technology Feasibility Studies. This paper provides examples of these activities during my past 40 years of effort in this field as a retrospective. New prospective device ideas that will have a strong impact on power electronics in the future are then discussed.

An Academic’s Perspective on SiC Power Devices: Retrospection and Prognostication

The adoption of SiC Schottky diodes and then SiC MOSFETs in solar inverter applications was the first wave to evaluate the capabilities of these new devices in challenging applications and environments.  With the observed and projected growth of demand for high-efficiency, high-voltage power semiconductor devices in automotive traction and EV chargers, challenges arise to supply SiC devices into these demanding applications.  Current and emerging SiC power device manufacturers are developing strategies to be able to support the accelerating need for SiC power device supply.  onsemi is building on its strength in end-to-end solutions of silicon power semiconductor devices, starting with silicon crystal growth and epitaxy, through die fabrication and final package and module assembly.  onsemi has extended its existing silicon-based power semi portfolio into SiC-based power modules.  To achieve this, we continue to invest heavily in SiC wafer and epitaxy, as well as expanding wafer fab capacity to meet the growing demand.  Additionally, onsemi continues to develop advanced SiC power modules to meet the specific needs of automotive and industrial customers. At onsemi, we strongly believe that this vertically-integrated strategy will help meet the growing customer needs for high-efficiency SiC power modules.

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Source Turn-Off (STO) MOSFET: A New Driving Architecture for Smart SiC Module

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A 5 to 50 V, −25 to 225 °C, 0.065%/°C GaN MISHEMT Monolithic Compact 2T Voltage Reference

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