United States

This paper presents a synthesized version of the silicon odometer aging sensor for measuring the frequency degradation caused by device degradation mechanisms in high volume semiconductor products. In the design, three ring oscillators (ROSCs) composed of inverter, NAND, and NOR gates are implemented in register-transfer-level (RTL), with the ability to be stressed in an AC or DC stress condition. The new odometer has product level features such as calibration-free operation, automatic frequency dead zone escape, and start-up glitch removal. The odometer verilog code was synthesized and automatically placed-and-routed in three different technologies using standard ASIC design tools. As a proof of concept, we show aging data collected from a 65nm test chip with 12 synthesized odometer instances.  

IRPS 2022 Main Conference 

A Calibration - Free Synthesizable Odometer Featuring Automatic Frequency Dead Z one Escape and Start - up Glitch Removal

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#### Welcome to the 60th IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)!

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[![](https://assets.underline.io/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/7492fafcc0c623afe96fe15207855ed9.png)](https://www.irps.org/)
 

**General Chair Welcome Message**

Welcome to IRPS 2022! When the IRPS Management Committee began making plans for Dallas, we recognized the strong desire by the reliability physics community to return to a face-to-face symposium that we last had in Monterey in 2019. But as time progressed, we recognized that travel restrictions were not being lifted as rapidly as we anticipated. Rather than leave out those of you who could not attend in person, we adopted a hybrid format allowing for both remote attendance and remote presentations. This is a first for IRPS and I am confident it will be a success for all.

With this new hybrid format, the symposium will return to the original five-day format with Tutorials and Year in Review on the first two days. The Technical Program, Keynote Talks, Workshops and Poster session will be held on the following three days. All of these (except Workshops and Posters) will be available via real-time streaming in the US Central Time zone with virtual attendees having Q&A access to the presenters. For those virtual attendees who cannot watch the live presentations, the material will be available on demand to all attendees for a month after the symposium with the ability to communicate with the authors.

In 2020, we were planning on co-hosting the International ESD Workshop (IEW) ESD workshop when the COVID-19 pandemic hit. For 2022, IEW will be seamlessly embedded into the IRPS Program and will sponsor three tutorials, an invited talk, two technical sessions and two evening workshops focused on ESD and latch-up. And we continue our
collaboration with our sister conference, European Symposium on Reliability of Electron Devices Failure Physics and Analysis (ESREF) by hosting their Best Paper and the International Integrated Reliability Workshop (IIRW) by hosting their Best Student Paper.

Our primary objective is to maintain the symposium’s leadership role in the reliability physics of microelectronic devices by attracting leading researchers to present their work and providing attendees the best place to access this information. With all the buzz in the media about whether Moore’s Law has hit its limit, IRPS has been promoting expertise developed in silicon-based reliability over the past sixty years and expanding into new material areas. This year, eight of the technical sessions are devoted to reliability in topics outside of traditional silicon, including wide bandgap GaN/SiC, emerging memory and neuromorphic computing. I hope our ability to draw these communities together will accelerate the cross-fertilization of ideas. 

The Technical Program consists of four keynote speakers, twenty-three invited speakers and eighty-seven oral presentations organized in thirty technical sessions on eighteen reliability topics. Over two evenings, there will be ten Workshops and sixty-six Poster presentations that are designed to allow in person attendees and experts to interact
with one another. With eighteen tutorials covering topics ranging from fundamental transistor and memory reliability all the way up to automotive and complex system-level reliability, this year’s symposium provides an excellent learning opportunity for engineers and scientists new to reliability as well as experienced individuals wanting to explore new
areas. The Year in Review, which serves as a summary of research in the past year, will cover 3D packaging, emerging memory and aging aware circuit designs.

Finally, I would like to express my extreme gratitude to our patrons and exhibitors, whose support makes IRPS possible.
And to all of you, our in person and virtual attendees, for supporting this symposium for sixty years!

**Charles W. Slayman, General Chair** 
**of 2022 IRPS Management Committee**
 
**About IRPS**

The IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) is the premiere conference for engineers and scientists to present new and original work in the area of microelectronics reliability. Drawing participants from the United States, Europe, Asia, and all parts of the world, IRPS seeks to understand the reliability of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, and microelectronic assemblies through an improved understanding of both the physics of failure as well as the application environment. IRPS provides numerous opportunities for attendees to increase their knowledge and understanding of all aspects of microelectronics reliability, and to meet and network with reliability colleagues from around the world.

IRPS provides numerous opportunities for attendees to increase their knowledge and understanding of all aspects of microelectronics reliability. It is also an outstanding chance to meet and network with reliability colleagues from around the world.

We applied Monte Carlo (MC) aging simulation flow to explain measured aging effects of PUF (Physically Unclonable Function) circuit. Simulation data provides a good understanding of how PUF circuit might fail with the NBTI effect. The flow predicts updated design shows better reliability result. We demonstrated that NBTI variation model requires correct consideration of the MOSFET device size. 

Reliability Analysis of Physically Unclonable Function by Using Aging Variability Simulation

Channel percolation in Ferroelectric FET (FeFET) due to random spatial distribution of switched domains reduces the number of accessible threshold voltage (VTH) states, thus posing a profound reliability challenge for neuromorphic. However, channel percolation is not universally present in FeFET and only exists when the channel regions underneath the domains have negligible interaction. In this work, we perform a comprehensive evaluation on the parameters that impact neighbor interaction, and hence channel percolation. We reveal i) weak gate control with thick ferroelectric layer enhances neighbor interaction and suppresses percolation; ii) higher temperature can also reduce percolation by weakening the gate control. 

Supressing Channel Percolation in Ferroelectric FET for Reliable Neuromorphic Applications

In this work, we demonstrate that proper engineering of VTH in ferroelectric FET is necessary to ensure correct array operation for in-memory computing applications. We highlight that for all current-based computing operations, it is necessary to keep both the low-VTH and high-VTH states positive to cut off the leakage for grounded unselected cells. To reach that design target, we systematically evaluate various design options for VTH engineering, including the gate metal work function, the body bias, and the buried oxide thickness, using calibrated TCAD. We establish the design guidelines for VTH engineering to ensure the successful operation of in-memory computing.

Ferroelectric FET Threshold Voltage Optimization for Reliable In-Memory Computing

We present an analysis of the impact of passivation and gate foot etching on the reliability and trapping behavior of RF GaN HEMTs. The study is based on HTRB experiments and DCT analysis.  We demonstrate that: passivation significantly impacts on the stability of the gate-leakage characteristics during HTRB stress; best stability is obtained through the use of LPCVD. DCT measurements reveal the presence of two trapping processes;  the slower time constant depends on the processing parameters and increases in presence of optimized gate-foot etch and passivation. The results presented provide information for the optimization of GaN RF devices.

GaN RF HEMT Reliability: Impact of Device Processing on I-V Curve Stability and Current Collapse

IoT edge devices are expected to have high-capacity and low-power storage memory, as well as smart data processing capability such as machine learning and AI, to fully utilize big-data by co-working with cloud computing system. Such edge intelligence requires energy-efficient data movement and computation, which opens new challenges and opportunities to integrated devices, circuits and systems. In this paper, we introduce monolithic 3D integration technologies of (1) high-density embedded memory and (2) in-memory computing, both of which are enabled by oxide semiconductor FETs and memory devices, for AI acceleration. We address key reliability issues regarding manufacturability for each technology. 

Reliability characteristics of mobility-enhanced FET and wakeup-free ferroelectric capacitor enabled by InGaZnO for machine-learning accelerator in AI chip

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Reliability Analysis of Physically Unclonable Function by Using Aging Variability Simulation

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