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Current networks of neurons show a biology, which represents functions similar to those reported for fetal human brain. Human brain modelling on chip can shine light on in vivo-like message passing from neuron to neuron in a dish.

EIPBN 2021

Moonshot: Nanofabricating neural networks

**Please view our Welcome to MH21 video.**

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**Walkthrough Video**

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To access the MH 21 Conference, [please register](https://mh21.mrs.org.sg/event/da3f9651-429f-4763-81b2-ebd7311b6bc8/websitePage:206f7605-1731-41f9-8421-56d3890f398f)

MATERIALS FOR HUMANITY (MH 21)

MH 21 is arranged around 6 themes that focus attention on pressing needs that should be addressed to enhance the well-being of communities and provide a forum for presenting breakthrough discoveries.

invited talk

The International Conference on Electron, Ion and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication (EIPBN), affectionately known as "3-Beams," is the premier gathering of scientists and engineers who are dedicated to electron, ion and photon lithography, imaging, and analysis; atomically precise fabrication; nanofabrication process technologies and related emerging technologies; and their applications in a broad spectrum of fields. In its 64th meeting, researchers from academia, government laboratories, and industry from around the world meet to present and discuss recent and future trends in these technologies.
 
 
 
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To register for this event, please follow the link below.

CVD graphene has brought interest from the biosensors community. Previous work in our group demonstrated a unique fabrication protocol for graphene solution gated field effect transistor (SGFET). This study presents the electrochemical characterization and first biological detection campaign (using aptmamers as probe for hormone detection) of our SGFET sensors.

Electrochemical characterization of graphene gated field effect transistors: route for smart biological sensors

We have developed PHIDL, an open-source GDSII-based CAD tool for Python. PHIDL allows intuitive-but-powerful generation of geometries and has a large library of premade geometry functions ready for use, including basic shapes, text, lithographic test structures, boolean operations, placement and automatic packing algorithms, superconducting nanowires, and photonic routing.

HIDL: Intuitive GDS layout and CAD geometry creation for Python

Ultrahigh aspect-ratio structures are important for x-ray optics, energy storage, and sensors. Atomic layer deposition with nucleation and growth enhancement was developed to coat nanoporous silicon microstructures with aspect ratios up to 500:1, an order of magnitude higher than before. Devices prepared with these structures provide integrated on-chip energy storage.

Ultrahigh Aspect Ratio Silicon Nanoporous Microstructures Coated Using ALD with Nucleation Enhancement for Energy Storage and Other Applications

Virtual metrology refers to methods that employ manufacturing process related data and relevant sensor readings to predict properties of the product. The initial results examining the end-point detection of a single RIE step indicate that the approach is viable and performs better compared with traditional feature identification by user experience.

VM Modeling of Reactive Ion Etching Based on Statistics-Based and Dynamics-Inspired Spectral Features

Top-down image analysis of hexagonal hole arrays created in silicon using block-copolymer nanolithography was used to evaluate differences in dry etch rate between n-type, p-type, and intrinsic silicon.  By analyzing the hole areas and extracting the average radius and porosity, sub-nm differences in chemical etch rate could be extracted.

Using block-copolymer nanolithography as a tool to sensitively evaluate variation in chemical dry etching rates of semiconductor materials with sub-5 nm resolution

This study focuses on understanding the fundamental limitations of PMMA exposure to EUV that leads to LER and printing failures. We study the photon-PMMA interactions in EUV using dissolution rate as an indicator of exposure induced change in molecular weights. Consequently, we calculated number of reactions per photon absorbed.

Understanding the fundamental limitations of PMMA resist for EUV exposures based on dissolution rate variations through EUV dose

We use focused ion beams to create specific defects on suspended 2D materials (graphene, MoS2, WSe2). We study the extent to which the defects act as nucleation sites for Au, and tune deposition conditions and surface cleanliness to facilitate self-assembly of specific nanoisland shapes.

Focused Ion Beam Patterning for Defect-Mediated Nucleation on 2D van der Waals Materials

A short overview of the mathematical and computational methods used in LER metrology,
with special emphasis on noise effects and machine learning methods as well as a mathematical modelling approach of generating synthesized SEM images in an effort to demonstrate the pixelization effects on LER measurement

Computational Nanometrology in Line Edge Roughness Measurements: Noise and Pixelization Effects

A two-dimensional array of transmissive microshutters is designed in which light throughput can be digitally modulated at each pixel. This function is important for certain instruments, such as the near infrared spectrometer to be carried on the James Webb Space Telescope, microscopes, telephoto lenses, or digital light processors.

Transmissive Microshutter Arrays

As the thickness of the vibrating structures is reduced, the built-in strain of the structural materials plays an increased role in determining the mechanical performance of the devices. Here we demonstrate the realization of ultrathin doubly clamped nanomechanical resonators with an axial strain in the scale of 10^8.

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Moonshot: Nanofabricating neural networks

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