Abstract:

Humans often learn preferentially from ingroup members who share a social identity affiliation, while ignoring or rejecting information when it comes from someone perceived to be from an outgroup. This sort of bias has well-known negative consequences—exacerbating cultural divides, polarization, and conflict—while reducing the information available to learners. Why does it persist? Using mathematical and agent-based models, we demonstrate that parochial social learning is adaptive when individual learning is error-prone and sufficient diversity inhibits the efficacy of social learning that does not make use of identity signals, as long as those signals are at least moderately reliable indicators of adaptive behavior. We further show that our results are robust to considerations of other social learning strategies, focusing on conformist and payoff-biased transmission. We will conclude by discussing the consequences of our analyses for understanding diversity in the modern world.

Speaker's social media:

@psmaldino.bsky.social‬