The cultural evolutionary perspective is currently being adopted by scholars of early Christianity and the Bible. This paper looks at how the perspective can change the study of the apostle Paul and Pauline traditions. Pauline studies are still dominated by a discourse on the real, historical Paul. What did Paul really say or mean and who understood him correctly? Are all the letters in the New Testament canon written in Paul’s name really by Paul himself? The questions of origins and authenticity are emphasized by religiously and academically motivated theologians alike. The perspective of cultural evolution, with its idea of the naturalness of variety, can profoundly challenge this baseline. 
Another question concerns the study of the transmission of Pauline ideas in Christian and other literature and practice. This “reception of Paul,” as it is called in the Biblical Studies, although widely studied, has often been captive of the authenticity discussion but also suffered from a lack of rigorous scientific methods and explanations for the transmission of cultural information. The transmission of Pauline ideas includes the idea of Paul himself as either a positive ingroup prototype or a negative outgroup stereotype. Both appear in literature with fascinating variations but tend to be discussed separately because of their affiliation with competing groups. The cultural evolutionary perspective, however, can help to highlight the shared nature of traditions between different groups and hopefully even act as a vehicle for interreligious understanding.

How can cultural evolution change the study of the apostle Paul?

**Paper ID:** AB00002       
**Paper title:** Exploring the Descendant-Leaving Theory: A study of ancestor manipulation, ancestor-descendant conflict, and extended kinship ancestor worship in China   
**Author:** R T Nichols      

**Paper ID:** AB00005     
**Paper title:** Evolution of Science as an Example of Cultural Evolution   
**Author:** Burton Voorhees      

**Paper ID:** AB00016        
**Paper title:** The Impact of Values on Leadership Style and Culture Development    
**Author:** Kathryn Alexander        

**Paper ID:** AB00042      
**Paper title:** Pathways of Global Cultural Diffusion: Mass Media and Stated Attitudes about Men's Violence against Women    
**Author:** Jeffrey Swindle      

**Paper ID:** AB00046      
**Paper title:** The HOLON/parton structure of units of culture, and Evolutionary Culturology   
**Author:** Joseph Tesla Velikovsky     

**Paper ID:** AB00051     
**Paper title:** Examining Cultural Evolution with Contextual Geometric Structures    
**Author:** Bradly John Alicea     

**Paper ID:** AB00054      
**Paper title:** How can cultural evolution change the study of the apostle Paul?   
**Author:** Nina Kristina Nikki     

**Paper ID:** AB00066     
**Paper title:** Authoritarianism and egalitarianism explained by evolutionary psychology    
**Author:** Agner Fog      

**Paper ID:** AB00085    
**Paper title:** Sociology and Cultural Evolution: Obstacles and Future Directions   
**Author:** Stephen Vaisey     

**Paper ID:** AB00119     
**Paper title:** Why does cultural selection need to be blind?   
**Author:** Ellen Clarke     

**Paper ID:** AB00161    
**Paper title:** SOCIO-SPATIAL PROFILE OF VIOLENCE IN BRAZILIAN SCHOOLS (2009-2018)   
**Author:** Carlos Alberto Travessa Junior      

**Paper ID:** AB00166     
**Paper title:** Charting the Future of Academic Fields with Cultural Evolutionary Trajectories   
**Author:** Jesse Parent     

**Paper ID:** AB00167     
**Paper title:** The Spatial Diffusion of Urban Forms  
**Author:** Patrick Adler    

**Paper ID:** AB00177    
**Paper title:** Active inference, evolutionary transition, and the deep roots of complex societies   
**Author:** Avel Guénin--Carlut     

**Paper ID:** AB00191     
**Paper title:** Cultural Emergentism   
**Author:** Michael Heather     

**Paper ID:** AB00192    
**Paper title:** A Force-based Model of Cultural Evolution with Application to Business Strategy   
**Author:** Peter Compo  

Discussion Session 2

technical paper

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