Recursive noun phrases (NPs) have interesting semantic properties. For example, "my favorite new movie" is not necessarily my favorite movie, whereas "my new favorite movie" is. This is common sense to humans, yet it is unknown whether language models have such knowledge. We introduce the Recursive Noun Phrase Challenge (RNPC), a dataset of three textual inference tasks involving textual entailment and event plausibility comparison, precisely targeting the understanding of recursive NPs. When evaluated on RNPC, state-of-the-art Transformer models only perform around chance. Still, we show that such knowledge is learnable with appropriate data. We further probe the models for relevant linguistic features that can be learned from our tasks, including modifier semantic category and modifier scope. Finally, models trained on RNPC achieve strong zero-shot performance on an extrinsic Harm Detection evaluation task, showing the usefulness of the understanding of recursive NPs in downstream applications.

Is "My Favorite New Movie" My Favorite Movie? Probing the Understanding of Recursive Noun Phrases

In parataxis languages like Chinese, word meanings are constructed using specific word-formations, which can help to disambiguate word senses. However, such knowledge is rarely explored in previous word sense disambiguation (WSD) methods. In this paper, we propose to leverage word-formation knowledge to enhance Chinese WSD. We first construct a large-scale Chinese lexical sample WSD dataset with word-formations. Then, we propose a model FormBERT to explicitly incorporate word-formations into sense disambiguation. To further enhance generalizability, we design a word-formation predictor module in case word-formation annotations are unavailable. Experimental results show that our method brings substantial performance improvement over strong baselines.

Leveraging Word-Formation Knowledge for Chinese Word Sense Disambiguation

In this paper, we tackle the task of Definition Generation (DG) in Chinese, which aims at automatically generating a definition for a word. Most existing methods take the source word as an indecomposable semantic unit. However, in parataxis languages like Chinese, word meanings can be composed using the word formation process, where a word ("桃花", peach-blossom) is formed by formation components ("桃", peach; "花", flower) using a formation rule (Modifier-Head). Inspired by this process, we propose to enhance DG with word formation features. We build a formation-informed dataset and propose a model DeFT, which decomposes words into formation features, dynamically fuses different features through a gating mechanism, and generates word definitions. Experimental results show that our method is both effective and robust.

Decompose, Fuse and Generate: A Formation-Informed Method for Chinese Definition Generation

2A: Interpretability

technical paper

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NAACL 2022

2022 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics

Findings Papers - Semantics: Lexical, Sentence level, Textual Inference and Other areas

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EMNLP 2021 is planned to be a hybrid event in Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, with both on-site and fully virtual participation possible.



<i>**Session Chair: ** Ekaterina Vylomova </i><br><br>

15D-Oral: Phonology, Morphology and Word Segmentation

2021 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

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Is "My Favorite New Movie" My Favorite Movie? Probing the Understanding of Recursive Noun Phrases

Leveraging Word-Formation Knowledge for Chinese Word Sense Disambiguation

Decompose, Fuse and Generate: A Formation-Informed Method for Chinese Definition Generation

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