Development of structuring technologies for thin-film magnetic micro- and nanostructures make it possible rapid growing number and variety of studies of mechanisms and methods of excitation and control of spin wave (SW) in magnetic materials [1]. Using of the effects of dipole coupling of spin waves in lateral stripes leads to a periodic transfer of power between the stripes, while the spin-wave coupling can be used to implement the modes of spatial-frequency selection SW [2]. In the regime of multimode propagation of a spin-wave signal in a system of laterally coupled magnetic microwave guides, it turns out to be impossible to completely ensure the transfer of the propagating SW energy from one magnetic microstrip to another. In the same time over the last few years, have become a subject of striking interest structures with periodic changes in magnetic or geometric parameters due to the great potential of the application for signal and information processing devices. Such structures are named magnonic crystals (MC). One of the options for using geometric modulation is the formation of a one-dimensional array of antidots in the magnonic structure of laterally connected magnetic stripes [3]. The disadvantage of MCs with geometric modulation in the form of a one-dimensional array of antidots is the fixed parameters after fabrication of the structure, which implies the difficulty in adjusting the SW propagation. Combining the idea of a magnonic crystal and laterally coupled magnetic waveguides avoids the disadvantages of both types of structures. In this work, we investigated the properties of spin-wave transport in a reconfigurable system of magnetic microwave guides connected laterally by a commutation connection in the form of a one-dimensional antidote array. As a material for microwave guides, we used yttrium iron garnet [Y3Fe5O12 (111)] with a saturation magnetization Ms = 1750 G due to the low damping of the spin wave. The modes of simultaneous spatial and frequency selection of spin waves by the Brillouin spectroscopy and by the method of micromagnetic simulation are shown. This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant 20-79-10191).

![](https://assets.underline.io/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/1e52f3b7192171a9e9215e6b90add9f3.jpg)

Spin wave dynamics in magnonic coupler with antidote interconnection

With the development of technologies for the manufacture of magnetic structures, within the framework of the direction of magnonics, the mechanisms and methods of excitation and control of spin waves (SW) in magnetic materials are being actively studied [1, 2]. One of the key problems in the development of spin-wave devices is associated with the damping of spin waves [3]. A record low level of SW attenuation can be achieved when using films of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) [3]. At the same time, in YIG, it is possible to excite and propagate SWs with a wavelength from tens of nanometers to a few millimeters [2]. Improvement of the technological process of manufacturing thin YIG films made it possible to create multilevel micro- and nanostructures for the implementation of magnon networks [4], on the basis of which it is proposed to create an element base for information signal processing devices [5-6]. The use of the effects of spin-wave interference and amplitude-phase coding is a promising way to create an magnon networks for processing information signals in a wide frequency range [7]. The paper proposes and investigates a variant of vertical spin-wave transport based on orthogonally coupled magnetic microwave guides. With the help of numerical and experimental studies, the features of the transmission of the spin-wave signal at orthogonal coupling of the waveguide sections have been revealed. To describe the physical processes causing the propagation of a spin-wave signal in an irregular structure, we used the method of numerical micromagnetic simulations based on a numerical solution of the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation [8]. Magnetic films are formed from yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) waveguides (Fig. 1) with thickness of t = 10 µm, l1 = l1 = 2500 µm and width w = 500 µm. The exchange constant of the YIG film was assumed to be equal Aex = 3.614-12 J/m and the saturation magnetization M0 = 1.395 A/m. To reduce SW reflections from the boundaries of waveguides in the numerical simulation, regions ABL (absorbing boundary layers) with an exponentially increasing dissipation parameter. Fig.2a shows the results of calculating the spectrum of the spin-wave signal in orthogonal magnonic waveguide. The drop in signal power at the output by 5 dB is associated with attenuation in the YIG For experimentally investigation were fabricated by laser scribing a continuous YIG film epitaxially grown on a substrate of gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG). The waveguides were magnetized by a uniform field H0 = 1150 Oe, directed along the short symmetry axis of the waveguides for efficient excitation of a magnetostatic surface spin wave. Spin wave transmission characteristics were acquired using two 30 µm wide microstrip antennas positioned on either end of the waveguides. The input antenna’s dynamic magnetic field couples to the YIG’s magnetization, exciting spin waves propagating along the waveguide. The efficiency of spin wave propagation was measured using a vector-network-analyzer. The results from the characterization of the waveguides are shown in Fig.2b. Fig. 2c shows the result of calculating the effective wavenumbers in the frequency range of the MSSW excitation. It can be seen that the phase incursion and the effective wavenumber begin to increase with increasing frequency, which corresponds to the case of MSSW. Proposed spin-wave transport in orthogonal vertical junction makes it possible to implement functional processing of information signals (frequency filtering and phase correction) during signal transmission in a wide frequency range. This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant (#20-79-10191).

**References:**

[1] V.V. Kruglyak, S.O. Demokritov, D. Grundler, J.Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol.43, p.264001 (2010) [2] A.V. Chumak, V.I. Vasyuchka, A.A. Serga, Nature Physics., Vol.11, p.453. [3] A.G. Gurevich, G.A. Melkov, Magnetization Oscillations and Waves, CRC-Press, London, New York. (1996) [4] A.A. Martyshkin, S.A. Odintsov, A.V. Sadovnikov, JETP Lett., Vol.110, No.8, pp.533–539 (2019) [5] V.E. Demidov, S. Urazhdin, S.O. Demokritov, J. Appl. Phys., Vpl.127, p.170901 (2020) [6] N. Thiery, V.V. Naletov, O. Klein, Phys. Rev. B. Vol.97, p.064422 (2018) [7] A.V. Sadovnikov, E.N. Beginin, S.A. Nikitov,Appl.Phys. Lett.,Vol.107, p.202405 (2015) [8] A. Vansteenkiste, J. Leliaert, B. Waeyenberge, AIP Advances, Vol.4, p.107133 (2014)

**Images:**

![](https://assets.underline.io/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/1078ae873129af68926d5e8c6cd3e260.jpg)
Schematic view of the orthogonal magnetic waveguide

![](https://assets.underline.io/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/2ec69ac00f12d23ff39ef2bbad677fb3.jpg)
Numerical results of transmission spectrum of the input signal (red) and output (blue) (a). Experimental transmission characteristics S21 (b). Numerical result of effective wavenumbers (c).

 Surface spin wave propagation in the orthogonal vertical junction of YIG-based magnonic waveguide

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Spin wave dynamics in magnonic coupler with antidote interconnection

Surface spin wave propagation in the orthogonal vertical junction of YIG-based magnonic waveguide

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