Structured photons have attracted a lot of attention in quantum photonics ranging from fundamental studies to quantum information applications. In the latter, they often serve as powerful tools to realize high-dimensional quantum states beneficial to quantum information tasks such as cryptography or quantum simulations. While mature techniques exist for the generation and detection of structured photons, many applications are suffering from the absence of methods for performing complex unitary operations between transverse structured photons. We demonstrate that using recent advances in multi-plane mode-conversion techniques, it is possible to perform any unitary operation between different sets of transverse structures in a versatile, simple, and efficient manner. More importantly, we study different two-photon interferences such as coalesce and anti-coalescence between various orthogonal transverse structures. In contrast to previous studies, where two photons bunched into different paths depending on the spatial structures, the interference that we observed occurs along a single beamline. Finally, we show that the ability to perform bi-photon interferences using custom-tailored spatial structures enables the generation of spatial-mode NOON-states, which offer angular super-sensitivity.

Single-Path Two-photon Interferences Between Spatial Structures

QCQS-4: Quantum Computing and Quantum Simulation

technical paper

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Quantum 2020

The Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing, in partnership with the Chinese Physical Society (CPS) and the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) are proud to have brought together the international quantum science community online for this inaugural conference.

Early career and leading researchers from universities, industry and government worldwide came together to share, learn and collaborate on the latest research and emerging areas of high interest across quantum science and technology. 

Robert Fickler

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Single-Path Two-photon Interferences Between Spatial Structures

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