The Giant Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) is an important species in aquaculture industry of Taiwan. However, during the fry stage, susceptibility to nerve necrosis virus (NNV) poses a considerable challenge, impacting the industry substantially. Furthermore, as a species inhabiting tropical and subtropical regions, environmental temperature serves as a critical factor influencing grouper physiology, potentially modulating the expression of disease resistance genes. Previous research highlights the importance of interferon in the antiviral pathway, with protein kinase R downstream playing a crucial role in disease and stress resistance. This study aims to investigate the effects of hypothermal stress and NNV on giant grouper through PKR gene expression analysis. The results indicate that low temperatures elevate PKR expression in giant grouper larvae, consequently inhibiting NNV replication. Therefore, low temperatures may assist giant grouper larvae in avoiding NNV infection. This study further explored the effects of hypothermal stress and NNV on grouper protein kinase R expression, offering insights into disease resilience mechanisms.

Effects of Hypothermic Stress on Giant Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) PKR Gene Expression and Antiviral Response Against NNV

Contemporary environments encompass a growing number of interacting stressors for animals to navigate. But not all stressor interactions spell trouble. Protective interactions, like cross-tolerance, are pivotal in aiding animal persistence in multi-stressor environments. Cross-tolerance occurs when exposure to a stressor heightens an organism’s resilience to a second stressor. Cross-tolerance has been documented across animal taxa from a diversity of habitats and in response to many stressors (e.g. hypoxia, predation, desiccation, pathogens, crowding, salinity, food limitation). Remarkably, cross-tolerance has even been documented among emerging, anthropogenic stressors, such as heatwaves and microplastics. In this session we will hear presentations discussing the prevalence of cross-tolerance, the mechanistic underpinnings of protective stressor interactions, and the adaptive significance of these interactions in variable and changing habitats. 

**Session Organisers:** Dr. Essie Rodgers and Dr. Daniel Gomez Isaza

**Invited Speakers:** Associate Prof. Wes Dowd and Dr. Giovanna Mottola

This session has kindly been sponsored by 

**Conservation Physiology**

![](https://assets.underline.io/markdown_image/1/image/1e86285b5282a64024790d0192529dcc.png)

**Frontiers Media Limited** 

![](https://assets.underline.io/markdown_image/1/image/cc2475352cb18f80aa12e0abab1fc2fc.png)

A11 - Not All Stress is Bad: Understanding Protective Stressor Interactions in Changing Environments

technical paper

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SEB Conference Prague 2024

SEB’s Annual Conference is celebrated for creating the perfect composition of research, new discoveries and collaborative connections. Be creative and innovative by exchanging ideas and knowledge with masters of biology from all over the world.

Sih-Shien Lee

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Effects of Hypothermic Stress on Giant Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) PKR Gene Expression and Antiviral Response Against NNV

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