In order to achieve sustainable development goals, SDGs, decarbonization and low-carbonization are required. Electric and hybrid vehicles are indispensable for the conservation of natural environment, and the lightweight construction and the effective transfer of electricity become important. Thus, copper and aluminum have been becoming important materials because of their excellent electrical properties. However, in the welding of these materials, it is difficult to obtain strong joints, since there are problems in the brittle intermetallic compounds and the welding defects due to different melting points between copper and aluminum. Especially in joining of copper and aluminum by copper side irradiation, aluminum rich intermetallic compounds (IMC) shows brittle state, and mechanical strength decreases drastically. Therefore, mild heat input from copper to aluminum would be necessary to reduce the brittle IMC. Angled irradiation might result in the mild energy input to aluminum, because it can be expected that aluminum would be heated by the reflected light inside the keyhole generated in copper according to high light reflection of copper. In addition, stable welding can be expected by the superposed irradiation of blue and near-infrared lasers because of high light absorption rate of blue laser to copper. The angled and the superposed irradiation could achieve stable welding state, and the generation of aluminum rich IMC became smaller. Angled irradiation of near-infrared laser showed equivalent joining strength to the superposed irradiation of two wavelengths, and the combination of angled and superposed irradiation achieved the remarkable increase of joining strength in cross tensile test by 80%.

Fundamental Study on High-Quality Welding of Copper and Aluminum by Angled and Superposed Irradiation of Blue and Near-Infrared Lasers

Fiber laser cutting has been widely used in many industrial applications, but the further improvement is required in the reduction of dross. Recently, the control of laser intensity distributions has been investigated in many laser applications, and some researchers have reported that intensity distribution of laser beam has a possibility to improve the cutting quality. Our previous study revealed that the uniform intensity distribution in the kerf width direction enabled to reduce the dross height, and twin spot beam was obtained by dividing a Gaussian beam with a roof axicon lens to control the power ratio in the kerf width direction. However, twin spot beam setting in the kerf width direction could improve the dross adhesion only in one side. Therefore, twin spot beam was set in the scanning direction, and the proper control of power ratio was investigated in laser cutting experiments for cold rolled steel sheet of 3.2 mm thickness by 3 kW fiber laser with a nitrogen assist gas. A ray tracing analysis and high-speed observation of molten metal ejection made it clear that high intensity of rear beam smoothly ejects molten metal at the lower part of workpiece, and a small ejecting width and the forward slanting ejection of molten metal were important to reduce the dross height. The dross height could be reduced to 16 µm by using the rear beam power of 90 % and the front beam power of 10 %.

Fiber Laser Cutting of Steel Plate by Twin Spot Beam Setting in Scanning Direction

Battery Track: Battery Processing and Lasers

technical paper

**General Chair Welcome**

![](https://assets.underline.io/markdown_image/1/image/d6e6dddc08bf2371b9136ea9c18dc5ab.png)              

Welcome to ICALEO® 2023!
	
We were excited to host the world’s leading international conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics in Chicago. The Laser has been shown to have the potential to revolutionize solutions for major global challenges like energy usage and supply, global warming, and CO2 footprint. Even the fusion energy breakthrough is based on laser technology. The conference, with peer-reviewed scientific and technical presentations, focused on the newest results in Micro Applications, Macro Applications, Additive Manufacturing, Beam Shaping and Frontiers in Laser Applications. Additionally, the Battery-Manufacturing Track gave an overview of the process combined with the newest advances in laser application results. 

The Business Session brought the business aspect and environment of the laser to the audience and the possibility to discuss with seasoned industry leaders from around the world. 

Whether this is the first time you are hearing about ICALEO or you are a longtime attendee, you will find something of interest, new ideas, and an excellent opportunity to network with other laser specialists worldwide. 

**Klaus Löffler **  
ICALEO General Chair   
Managing Director, Precitec GmbH

**What is ICALEO?**

ICALEO® brings together the brightest minds, seasoned professionals, and pioneering researchers from around the world. With a laser-focused agenda, ICALEO offers an exceptional platform to delve into the cutting-edge advancements, diverse applications, and transformative research that define lasers and electro-optics.

Participants will be immersed in a dynamic environment that fosters collaborative learning, networking, and idea exchange. Through engaging plenary presentations, technical sessions, an industry business panel, and networking events, attendees gain insights into the forefront of laser technology. From industrial applications to medical breakthroughs, additive manufacturing to materials processing, ICALEO covers the entire spectrum of laser-related disciplines. Moreover, the event serves as a launching pad for synergistic partnerships, paving the way for professionals to forge connections that shape the future of our industry.

Join us in Chicago and be part of an unparalleled gathering that challenges the boundaries of possibility within lasers and electro-optics. As we convene to share knowledge, explore innovations, and cultivate collaborations, ICALEO stands as a pivotal force driving the evolution of this transformative technology.

**Who attended?**

ICALEO is tailor-made for professionals, researchers, academics, and enthusiasts who are deeply passionate about the world of lasers and electro-optics. If you're an industry trailblazer, an academic luminary, an aspiring expert, or a postgraduate student looking to dive into the latest developments and trends, this is an event you won't want to miss.

Industrial leaders seeking to stay ahead of the curve in their fields, engineers working on laser applications, and manufacturing experts interested in additive manufacturing and materials processing will find ICALEO to be an invaluable platform. Researchers and scientists exploring the forefront of laser technology, from fundamental principles to groundbreaking applications, will also discover a wealth of knowledge and networking opportunities.

Medical professionals investigating laser-based medical advancements, entrepreneurs seeking to innovate with lasers, educators aiming to stay updated with the latest in laser education, and policy makers shaping the industry's landscape are all essential attendees. Whether you're an established expert or a rising star, the 42nd annual ICALEO promises to offer a diverse ecosystem of expertise, connections, and knowledge sharing that caters to the laser and electro-optics communities.

**Fields Represented:**

* Entrepreneurs and Innovators
* Manufacturing Experts
* Students and Graduates
* Policy Makers and Regulators
* Consultants and Advisors
* Technology Enthusiasts
* Suppliers and Manufacturers
* Startups and Innovators
* Researchers in Laser Education

**[View All Proceedings Here](https://icaleo.conferencespot.org/event-data)**

### **Program Tracks & Chairs**

To access the site please register [**here**](https://icaleo.org/attend). 

Please register for the ICALEO 2023 Conference to join the event.

ICALEO 2023

ICALEO® brings together the brightest minds, seasoned professionals, and pioneering researchers from around the world. With a laser-focused agenda, ICALEO offers an exceptional platform to delve into the cutting-edge advancements, diverse applications, and transformative research that define lasers and electro-optics.

Yasuhiro Okamoto

2

5

SHORT BIO

Presentations

Fundamental Study on High-Quality Welding of Copper and Aluminum by Angled and Superposed Irradiation of Blue and Near-Infrared Lasers

Fiber Laser Cutting of Steel Plate by Twin Spot Beam Setting in Scanning Direction

Stay up to date with the latest Underline news!

PRESENTATIONS

CONFERENCES

COMPANY

RESOURCES