Modifications in the cytochrome c oxidase 2 gene of male-transmitted genome (Mcox2) have been found in some bivalve species that exhibit a unique mode of mitochondrial transmission named doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI). In DUI, paternal mitochondria (and their male mtDNA) as well as maternal mitochondria (and their corresponding female mtDNA) are transmitted to male offspring. Scrobicularia plana, a bivalve exhibiting this inheritance model possess an important in-frame insertion of ~ 4,8 kb in its Mcox2 gene that is translated into a polypeptide of 1892 amino acids (~ 220 kDa), the largest metazoan COX2 protein known to date. The insertion is conserved amongst individuals from different populations and, according to analysis of synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rates, evolves under purifying selection which would suggest maintenance of functionality in MCOX2. MCOX2 protein might act as a tag at the surface of male mitochondria to facilitate their sex-specific fate in bivalve embryos. The long-transcribed insertion could also explain low OXPHOS rates that were found in M mitochondria of DUI bivalves thus affecting male mitochondrial metabolism.

Mcox2 in the DUI bivalve Scrobicularia plana encodes the longest known mitochondrial protein in metazoans

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A23:  Open Animal

technical paper

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2022 will find over 1500 experimental biologists from across the globe converging on the third-largest French city near the Mediterranean coast and the fastest-growing city in the country over the past 25 years - Montpellier, France

Mélanie Tassé

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Mcox2 in the DUI bivalve Scrobicularia plana encodes the longest known mitochondrial protein in metazoans

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