The estimation of landslide hazard triggered by seismic events has been studied since 1965 through Newmark’s studied (Newmark, 1965). From the beginning up today, the mechanical approach to slope instability has been extended to GIS-based methods which are enable to consider the spatially distributed geomorphological and seismological variables strictly related this type of instabilities. Both predisposing and triggering variables are commonly combined by different methods (i.e. data driven, geostatistical, machine learning) to create maps at regional and urban scale. This latter scale is currently used worldwide for developing seismic microzonation of slope instabilities affecting urban areas threatened by high-magnitude earthquakes in several different geological contests. In the American continent, USGS collected in continuously updated web-GIS database informations about earthquake-induced landslides. It is the case of El Salvador, located in Central America, where the complex geodynamic is characterized by the interaction of four major tectonic plates and several microplates on their boundaries that cause high-magnitude seismic phenomena. Additionally, the lithostratigraphic and geomorphological characters (i.e. acid pyroclastites, volcanic ashes and pomices), are commonly affected by heavy rainfalls, so that hundreds of landslides are generated and consequently a huge number of casualties and economic losses. In this country, the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) funded the CASTES project, which is devoted, among the numerous objectives of this international collaboration programme, to study unstable co-seismic effects induced within El Salvador territory. To this aim, a preliminary approach to define landslides hazard induced by the 2001 earthquake sequence has been applied. This latter consists of detecting the seismically-induced landslide inventory from aerial obtained after the two main shocks occurred on 13 January and 13 February 2001 (Mw 7.7 and 6.6, respectively). Then, the two magnitudes and landslides epicentral distances have been compared with the Keefer’s and Martino’s landslide triggering thresholds (Martino et al., 2014). These curves are useful in microzonation activities to estimate the possible occurrence of earthquake-induced landslides both in soils and rock formations related to all kind of kinematics. Nonetheless, according to the present authors’ knowledge, these curves have not been calibrated through volcanic geological territories, yet. Hence, this contribution is aimed at investigating the peculiar characters of the seismically-induced landslides in volcanic territories and to compare their triggering threshold to those ones identified worldwide.

Seismically-induced landslide estimation at regional scale in El Salvador volcanic territory

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Seismically-induced landslide estimation at regional scale in El Salvador volcanic territory

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