Beam shaping has become increasingly important for laser-based processing, enabling improved efficiency, quality, and precision in a wide range of applications. In this paper, we discuss the challenges of characterizing and defining the appropriate criteria to evaluate a shaped beam for laser material processing applications.
Beam shaping is essential for many continuous wave (CW) processes, such as high-quality welding of copper and aluminum for e-mobility applications. Similarly, beam shaping is crucial for pulsed applications, particularly surface texturing, enabling precise control of the laser's energy distribution and enhancing the process's quality and scalability.
We explore various beam shaping technologies, including Diffractive Optical Elements, Refractive Optics, Shaping via Double Core Fiber Laser, Coherent Beam Combining, and Multi-Plane Light Conversion, describing their advantages and limitations. Since these technologies manipulate beams differently, their use can significantly impact the process's outcome.
We propose various criteria to evaluate the performance of a shaped beam for laser material processing, such as efficiency, uniformity, sharpness, robustness to instabilities, and depth of field. These criteria are critical in defining a good beam for a specific process, ensuring a reliable and repeatable process outcome.
In conclusion, this paper highlights the importance of proper characterization and evaluation of shaped beams for laser material processing applications. With the appropriate criteria, manufacturers and researchers can optimize the laser's performance and enhance the quality, efficiency, and scalability of laser-based processes.