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The paper presents an attempt to bridge the gap between machine learning and symbolic reasoning. We build graph neural networks (GNNs) to predict the solution of the Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) problem, an optimization variant of SAT. Two closely related graph representations are adopted, and we prove their theoretical equivalence. We also show that GNNs can achieve attractive performance to solve hard MaxSAT problems in certain distributions even compared with state-of-the-art solvers through experimental evaluation.

AAAI 2023

Can Graph Neural Networks Learn to Solve the MaxSAT Problem?

neuro-symbolic methods

maxsat problem

graph neural networks

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-23 is the Thirty-Seventh AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. The theme of this conference is to create collaborative bridges within and beyond AI. Like previous AAAI conferences, AAAI-23 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and two new activities: a Bridge Program and a Lab Program. Many of these activities are tailored to the theme of bridges and all are selected according to the highest standards, with additional programs for students and young researchers. 
AAAI is providing you with a conference planner, which you can use to help organize your itinerary of activities. This includes talks to attend in person, talks to attend remotely, breaks with colleagues and your site seeing activities. To access this conference planner, please go to [https://aaai-2023.takemobi.io](https://aaai-2023.takemobi.io).

In order to access this site, you need to register. If you haven't already, please register [here](https://aaai.org/Conferences/AAAI-23/registration/).


The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines.

lightning talk

Forecasting the future trajectory of pedestrians is an important task in computer vision with a range of applications, from security cameras to autonomous driving. It is very challenging because pedestrians not only move individually across time but also interact spatially, and the spatial and temporal information is deeply coupled with one another in a multi-agent scenario. Learning such complex spatio-temporal correlation is a fundamental issue in pedestrian trajectory prediction. Inspired by the procedure that the hippocampus processes and integrates spatio-temporal information to form memories, we propose a novel multi-stream representation learning module to learn complex spatio-temporal features of pedestrian trajectory. Specifically, we learn temporal, spatial and cross spatio-temporal correlation features in three respective pathways and then adaptively integrate these features with learnable weights by a gated network. Besides, we leverage the sparse attention gate to select informative interactions brought by complex spatio-temporal correlations and reduce the complexity of our model. We evaluate our proposed method on two commonly used datasets, i.e. ETH-UCY and SDD, and the experimental results demonstrate our method achieves the state-of-the-art performance. 

Multi-stream Representation Learning for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction

Quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN) has just become an emerging research topic as we experience the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era and beyond. As convolutional filters in QCNN extract intrinsic features using quantum-based ansatz, it should use only a finite number of qubits to prevent barren plateaus, and it introduces the lack of feature information. In this paper, we propose a novel QCNN training algorithm to optimize feature extraction while using only a finite number of qubits, which is called fidelity-variation training (FV-Training).

FV-Train: Quantum Convolutional Neural Network Training with a Finite Number of Qubits by Extracting Diverse Features (Student Abstract)

In this video, I will share our work “Semi-Supervised Review-Aware Rating Regression”. In this work, we integrate the merits of both co-training and co-teaching towards the robust semi-supervised review-aware rating regression. CoT2 is a simple yet effective paradigm to exploit unlabelled data safely.

Semi-supervised Review-Aware Rating Regression (Student Abstract)

Fuzzy c-means (FCM) is a generalization of the classical k-means clustering algorithm to the case where an observation can belong to several clusters at the same time.
The algorithm was previously observed to have initialization problems when the number of desired clusters or the number of dimensions of the data are high.
We have tested FCM against clustering problems with functional data, generated from stationary Gaussian processes, and thus in principle infinite-dimensional.
We observed that when the data is more functional in nature, which can be obtained by tuning the length-scale parameter of the Gaussian process, the aforementioned problems do not appear.
This not only indicates that FCM is suitable as a clustering method for functional data, but also illustrates how functional data differs from traditional multivariate data.
In addition this seems to suggest a qualitative way to measure the latent dimensionality of the functional distribution itself.


Fuzzy C-means: Differences on Clustering Behavior between High Dimensional and Functional Data (Student Abstract)

Training a robust system, e.g., Speech to Text (STT), requires large datasets. Variability present in the dataset such as unwanted nuances and biases are the reason for the need of large datasets to learn general representations. In this work, we propose a novel approach to induce invariance using adversarial forgetting (AF). Our initial experiments on learning invariant features such as accent on the STT task achieve better generalizations in terms of word error rate (WER) compared to traditional models. We observe an absolute improvement of 2.2% and 1.3% on out-of-distribution and in-distribution test sets, respectively

Mask-Net: Learning Context Aware Invariant Features Using Adversarial Forgetting

Agent-based modeling and simulation can provide a powerful test environment for crisis management scenarios. Human agent interaction has limitations in representing norms issued by an agent to a human agent that has emotions. In this study, we present an approach to the interaction between a virtual normative agent and a human agent in an evacuation scenario. Through simulation comparisons, it is shown that the method used in this study can more fully simulate the real-life out come of an emergency situation and also improves the au thenticity of the agent interaction.

Development of a Human-Agent Interaction System including Norm and Emotion in an Evacuation Situation

In this talk, we discuss measuring privacy leakage via graph reconstruction attack (GRA). We propose a GRA that recovers a graph's adjacency matrix from the representations via a graph decoder that minimizes the reconstruction loss between the partial graph and the reconstructed graph. We study three types of representations that are trained on the graph, i.e., representations output from graph convolutional network (GCN), graph attention network (GAT), and our proposed simplicial neural network (SNN) via a higher-order combinatorial Laplacian. Unlike the first two types of representations that only encode pairwise relationships, the third type of representation, i.e., SNN outputs, encodes higher-order interactions (e.g., homological features) between nodes. We find that the SNN outputs reveal the lowest privacy-preserving ability to defend the GRA, followed by those of GATs and GCNs, which indicates the importance of building more private representations with higher-order node information that could defend the potential threats, such as GRAs.

Measuring the Privacy Leakage via Graph Reconstruction Attacks on Simplicial Neural Networks (Student Abstract)

we have developed a system for repairing logic errors in C++ programs with machine learning. As you may know, logic errors can be particularly difficult to repair because they do not have diagnostic feedback from compilers, Syntax errors will have an error line report and feedback ​, but a Logic error has no compiler feedback​. And it also requires inferring over different ranges of code and involves tracking symbols across the whole program. Additionally, datasets about logic errors are not complete sometimes, as they should ideally include program specifications, source codes, test cases, error lines, and patches. To address these challenges, we introduced pseudocode information to assist in the localization and correction of logic errors. We constructed a powerful graph structure to connect symbols across the source code and its pseudocode, and then applied a graph neural network to localize and correct these errors. The results of our experiments show that our model was able to achieve 99.39% localization accuracy and 19.2% repair accuracy on the single logic error dataset using five-fold cross-validation.

Logic Error Localization and Correction with Machine Learning (Student Abstract)

Humans perceive surrounding scenes through multiple senses with multisensory integration. For example, hearing helps capture the spatial location of a racing car behind us; seeing peoples' talking faces can strengthen our perception of their speech. However, today's state-of-the-art scene understanding systems are usually designed to rely on a single audio or visual modality. Ignoring multisensory cooperation has become one of the key bottlenecks in creating intelligent systems with human-level perception capability, which impedes the real-world applications of existing scene understanding models. To address this limitation, my research has pioneered marrying computer vision with computer audition to create multimodal systems that can learn to understand audio and visual data. In particular, my current research focuses on asking and solving fundamental problems in a fresh research area: audio-visual scene understanding and strives to develop unified, explainable, and robust multisensory perception machines. The three themes are distinct yet interconnected, and all of them are essential for designing powerful and trustworthy perception systems. In my talk, I will give a brief overview about this new research area and then introduce our works in the research thrusts.

Audio-Visual Scene UnderstandingTowards Unified and Robust Multisensory Perception

Safe and reliable decision-making is critical for long-term deployment of autonomous systems. Despite the recent advances in artificial intelligence, ensuring safe and reliable operation of human-aligned autonomous systems in open-world environments remains a challenge. My research focuses on developing planning and learning algorithms that support reliable autonomy in fully and partially observable environments, in the presence of uncertainty, limited information, and limited resources. In this talk, I will cover (1) how agents can learn to recognize and plan to avoid the Markovian and non-Markovian negative side effects of their actions, and (2) how explanations can be used to verify and learn human-aligned rewards from demonstrations.

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Can Graph Neural Networks Learn to Solve the MaxSAT Problem?

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