Brazil

BRACIS 2020

Recording of the LIVE Technical Session 11

# Welcome everyone to ACL 2022!

The 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics is taking place May 22-27, 2022 as a hybrid event, in Dublin and online. We are happy to welcome all of you to this anniversary edition with an almost 50-50 in-person and virtual participation. 
The main conference program features oral presentations, in-person and virtual posters and demo sessions, a plenary session for our best paper presentations and awards, three amazing keynote events and two new initiatives of invited talks: Spotlight Talks for Young Rising Stars (STIRS) and The Next Big Idea Talks. Posters (including Findings of ACL 2022) and demos are grouped by areas for both the in-person and the virtual sessions. For the virtual component, the talks will be on Zoom and the posters and the demos will be in GatherTown. The Student Research Workshop will have an oral session and a poster session as part of Poster Session 1. The program also features eight Tutorials and 28 Workshops. 

 
We wish you a wonderful conference! 
[**The ACL 2022 Organizing Committee**](https://www.2022.aclweb.org/organisers)
 
[**Conference Handbook**](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_BUCMfhMVrjG9E2e71aHdHeE28KSje0l/view?usp=sharing) 
[**Mini Handbook**](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qlBKl0wzmlVF1oCeMQl3BahLd9nLP5Ce/view?usp=sharing) 
[**Posters and Demo guides**](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UucMAoCNncIOaH1rMMDa0owuG9qgvJTG/view?usp=sharing)

ACL 2022

The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) is the premier international scientific and professional society for people working on computational problems involving human language, a field often referred to as either computational linguistics or natural language processing (NLP). 

technical paper

The 9th Brazilian Conference on Intelligent Systems (BRACIS), the 16h Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional (ENIAC), and the 12th Concurso de Teses e Dissertações em Inteligência Artificial e Computacional (CTDIAC) was held from 20 to 23 October, 2020.

BRACIS originated from the combination of the two most important scientific events in Brazil in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Computational Intelligence (CI): the Brazilian Symposium on Artificial Intelligence - SBIA (22 editions), and the Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks - SBRN (13 editions). ENIAC is a national forum for researchers, practitioners, educators and students to present and discuss innovations, trends, experiences, developments and work in progress in the fields of Artificial and Computational Intelligence. CTDIAC is a satellite event whose goals are to disseminate and award the best dissertations and theses (MSc and PhDs concluded in Brazilian universities from June 2018 to May 2020) in Artificial and Computational Intelligence areas.

In this year, the Symposium on Knowledge Discovery, Mining and Learning (KDMiLe) will be held in conjunction with BRACIS 2020. This sysposium aims at integrating researchers, practitioners, developers, students and users to present their research results, to discuss ideas, and to exchange techniques, tools, and practical experiences – related to the Data Mining and Machine Learning areas.

Authorship attribution is the process of identifying the author of a particular document. This task has been performed by experts in the field. However, with the advancement of natural language processing tools and machine learning techniques, this activity has also been performed by computer systems. Authorship attribution has applicability from the detection of plagiarism and copyright to the resolution of forensic problems. There are several works on this subject in the English idiom, however those that consider texts in Portuguese are few. Therefore, this paper aims to study authorship attribution of texts of Brazilian literature. We carried out our experiments using Naïve Bayes and Random Forests methods, and for the feature extraction we considered Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency and Part of Speech techniques. The results showed that the Random Forests using as input the textual features extracted by Part of Speech presented the best cross-validation accuracy, although not the best runtime.

Authorship attribution of Brazilian literary texts through machine learning techniques

People’s opinions can impact the real-world in many different ways. The election of politics, the sales of products, stock market prices, and consumer habits are just a few examples. However, exploring this relationship between people’s opinions and real-world events requires data from both sides, which is usually expensive and hard to obtain. In this study, on one side, we address this problem by extracting data from Twitter, and on the other side, the real-world outcomes of a reality show. We carefully select a reality show that uses the audience’s opinion to define the elimination of participants. This relationship brings an interesting case of a causal relationship between audience opinion and real-world events. From Twitter, we obtained simple features, such as the counts of likes, retweets, followers, specific hashtags along with sentiment analysis counts obtained from a fine-tuned BERT. From the TV show, we obtained the eliminated candidate and the percentage of audience rejection of the eliminated candidate. To answer the question posed in the title, we empirically evaluate eleven standard machine learning algorithms using the collected features. The models were able to achieve 88.23% of accuracy to predict the eliminated candidate in the reality show.

Can Twitter data estimate Reality Show outcomes?

Filter selection in convolutional neural networks aims at finding the most important filters in a convolutional layer, with the goal of reducing computational costs and needed storage, as well as understanding the networks’ inner workings. In this paper we propose an entropy-based filter selection method that ranks filters based on the mutual information between their activations and the output classes using validation data. Our proposed method outperforms using filters’ absolute weights sum by a large margin, allowing to regain better performance with fewer filters.

Entropy-Based Filter Selection in CNNs Applied to Text Classification

The Plackett-Luce model represents discrete choices from a set of items and it is often applied to rank aggregation problems.
The iterative majorization-minorization method is among the most relevant approaches for finding the maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the Plackett-Luce model, but its convergence might be slow. A noninformative initialization is usually adopted which assumes all items are equally relevant at the first step of the iterative inference process. This paper investigates the adoption of approximate inference methods which could allow a better initialization, leading to a smaller number of iterations required for the convergence of majorization-minorization. Two alternatives are adopted: a spectral inference method from the literature and also a novel approach based on a Poisson probabilistic model. Empirical evaluation is performed using synthetic and real-world datasets. It was revealed that initialization provided by an approximate method can lead to statistically significant reductions in both the number of iterations required and also in the overall computational time when compared to the scheme usually adopted for majorization-minorization.

On Improving the Efficiency of Majorization-Minorization for the Inference of Rank Aggregation Models

The Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) is an example of combinatorial optimization problem and it belongs to NP-hard class. QAP assigns interconnected facilities to locations while minimizing the cost of transportation of the flow of commodities between facilities. Hyper-Heuristics (HH) is a high-level approach that automatically selects or generates heuristics for solving complex problems.
In this paper is proposed the use of a selection HH to solve the multi-objective QAP (mQAP). This HH is based on the MOEA/DD (Evolutionary Many-Objective Optimization Algorithm Based on Dominance and Decomposition) and Choice Function strategy. The heuristics selected by HH correspond to the operators that generate new solutions in an iteration of the multi-objective evolutionary algorithm. IGD metric and statistical tests are applied in order to evaluate the algorithm performances in 22 mQAP instances. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown and it is favorably compared with three other evolutionary multi-objective algorithms: IBEA, SMS-EMOA e MOEAD/DRA.

The main objective of nonlinear dynamic system identification is to model the behaviour of the systems under analysis from input-output signals.
To approach this problem, the Laguerre-Volterra network architecture combines the connectionist approach with Volterra-based processing to achieve good performances when modeling high-order nonlinearities, while retaining interpretability of the system's characteristics. 
In this research we assess the performances of three metaheuristics in the optimization of Laguerre-Volterra Networks using synthetic input-output data, a task in which only the simulated annealing metaheuristic was previously evaluated.

Evaluation of Metaheuristics in the Optimization of Laguerre-Volterra Networks for Nonlinear Dynamic System Identification

This article presents the cognitive model of the EvoLogic Intelligent Tutoring System, developed to assist in the teaching-learning process of Natural De-duction in Propositional Logic. EvoLogic consists of 3 agents, among which, the Pedagogical agent (treated here as the student model) and the Specialist agent (based on a Genetic Algorithm) compose the cognitive model. This cognitive model allows an efficient model tracing mechanism to be developed, which will follow each student's step during the theorem-proof. The purpose of the article, in addition to presenting the EvoLogic, is to analyze the efficiency of the ITS in a known exercise that has already been studied in the literature (applied to 57 students). The results show that the EvoLogic obtained all the solutions presented by the students, allowing it to follow the student's steps, providing real-time feedback, based on the steps that the students are taking (in real-time), known as model tracing.

EvoLogic: Intelligent Tutoring System to Teach Logic

Typically, an agent society is composed of at least three main components, namely, the set of its individual agents, the set of multi-agent organisations that help coordinate the actions of those agents, and the environment that those agents share. However, other levels have also been pointed out in the agent society literature, for example, the internal normative systems that regulate the structure and operation of the organisations themselves and, more generally, the overarching cultural system of the society. Many types of formal semantics for such systems, such as for example operational semantics, are not immediately suitable for systems that have ongoing operations at several architectural levels and requiring that those levels synchronise when particular events occur. This paper addresses this problem by proposing an approach to giving formal semantics to multi-level agent societies. The approach allows for the reuse of existing semantics for the separate levels, improves readability, and reduces the number of inference rules to be written.

A Multi-Level Approach to the Formal Semantics of Agent Societies

The Software Project Scheduling Problem (SPSP) aims to allocate employees to tasks in the development of a software project, such that the cost and duration, two conflicting goals, are minimized. The dynamic model of SPSP, called DSPSP, considers that some unpredictable events may occur during the project life cycle, like the arrival of new tasks, which implies on schedule updating along the project. In the context of Search-Based Software Engineering, this work proposes the use of dynamic optimization strategies, based on memory, together with the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to solve the DSPSP. The results suggest that the addition of these dynamic strategies improves the quality of the solutions in comparison with the application of the PSO algorithm only.

Recording of the LIVE Technical Session 11

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Recording of the LIVE Technical Session 11

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Next from BRACIS 2020

Authorship attribution of Brazilian literary texts through machine learning techniques

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Skill Induction and Planning with Latent Language

Stay up to date with the latest Underline news!

PRESENTATIONS

CONFERENCES

COMPANY

RESOURCES

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