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technical paper
Phase Transitions in Thermally Active Artificial Kagome Spin Ice
The degree of magnetic order that can be achieved in thermally artificial kagome spin ice depends on the superparamagnetic blocking temperature of the individual nanomagnets 1 and the predicted phase transition temperature of the system 2. The interplay between these two temperature scales dictates the observable magnetic order in experiments and in this talk, I will discuss how phase transition temperatures can be independently tuned from superparamagnetic blocking temperature.
We find that by placing nanomagnetic bridges asymmetrically at the vertices of artificial kagome ice we can control the degree of frustration in the system, which allows for the independent tuning of the phase transition temperature 3. We demonstrate that by carefully varying the widths of the bridges, we obtain various degrees of magnetic ordering and observe two magnetic phases. We then utilize the thermally active system to show that we can image the phase transition using temperature-dependent X-ray photoemission electron microscopy.
Reference:
1 K. Hofhuis, A. Hrabec, H. Arava, N. Leo, Y.L. Huang, R.V. Chopdekar, S. Parchenko, A. Kleibert,
S. Koraltan, C. Abert, C. Vogler, D. Suess, P.M. Derlet, & L.J. Heyderman, Physical Review B 102, 180405(R) (2020)
2 G. Moller & R. Moessner, Physical Review B 80, 140409(R) (2009).
3 K. Hofhuis, S. H. Skjærvø, Z. Luo, S. Parchenko, A. Kleibert, P. M. Derlet, & L. J. Heyderman, Nature Physics 18, 699-705 (2022)