Italy

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9169659

**Abstract:**

This work presents the first on-chip bio-inspired reservoir computer (RC) prototype implemented in 65nm CMOS. The RC comprises 50 time-multiplexed neurons, and each neuron embeds a strong non-linearity in a feedback loop. The RC applies a non-linear transformation to the input and projects it to high-dimensional space, thus allowing linear separation by a simple logistic regression (LR) layer implemented off-chip. We demonstrate real-time stress detection from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using the RC. The RC achieves 93% classification accuracy, which is 6% better than state-of-the-art digital classifiers. Operating at 40kHz, the prototype consumes 27.5nJ/classification, which is 7x lower than state-of-the-art ECG processors performing similar complexity classification tasks.

ESSCIRC ESSDERC 2021

A Bio-Inspired Reservoir-Computer for Real-Time Stress Detection from ECG Signal

ecg sensor

reservoir computing

machine learning

stress detection

The aim of ESSCIRC and ESSDERC is to provide an annual European forum for the presentation and discussion of recent advances in solid-state devices and circuits.
The level of integration for system-on-chip design is rapidly increasing.

This is made available by advances in semiconductor technology. Therefore, more than ever before, a deeper interaction among technologists, device experts, IC designers, and system designers is necessary. ESSCIRC and ESSDERC are governed by a common Steering Committee and share Plenary Keynote Presentations and Joint Sessions bridging both device and circuit communities.

Highlights:
* 3 joint keynote presentations
* 3 keynote presentations ESSCIRC
* 3 keynote presentations ESSDERC
* Invited papers with overall coverage of all aspects of advanced devices and circuits
* Presentation of IEEE and ESSCIRC/ESSDERC Awards
* Educational Events

JOINT PLENARY talks live broadcast: September 13, 2021<br>
ESSCIRC and ESSDERC KEYNOTE talks live broadcast: September 15, 2021<br>
LIVE Q&A INTERACTIVE sessions for all Conference Technical sessions: September 14 – 16 – 17, 2021<br>
LIVE Q&A INTERACTIVE sessions for all Educational Events: September 20-21-22, 2021<br>
(on demand videos available from September 6 until November 30, 2021)

**Please see here for the [ESSCIRC Guide](https://drive.google.com/file/d/10dghzuv4aQBty4QfTIY9Q8hXyqsue8Le/view?usp=sharing), [ESSDERC Guide](https://drive.google.com/file/d/10dx9y2tm9cHPDa4upNUYjfXCf44aPry5/view?usp=sharing), and the [Program at a Glance](https://drive.google.com/file/d/10eU0OLTXEpiNzI5hkqv4mSr43T8cedPP/view?usp=sharing)**


To access ESSCIRC ESSDERC 2021, you must pre-register for the conference.  Instructions on how to access the event will be provided directly to attendees and included on the ESSCIRC ESSDERC conference website. [Register now](https://www.esscirc-essderc2021.org/).

Please register for the ESSCIRC conference to join the event.

The aim of ESSCIRC and ESSDERC is to provide an annual European forum for the presentation and discussion of recent advances in solid-state devices and circuits.
The level of integration for system-on-chip design is rapidly increasing.

This is made available by advances in semiconductor technology. Therefore, more than ever before, a deeper interaction among technologists, device experts, IC designers, and system designers is necessary. ESSCIRC and ESSDERC are governed by a common Steering Committee and share Plenary Keynote Presentations and Joint Sessions bridging both device and circuit communities.





technical paper

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://1worldcontent.com/ess/9153.pdf

**Abstract:**

This paper introduces a boost controller with Maximum-Power-Point-Tracking for photovoltaic submodule applications. The controller IC operates in constant frequency peak-current-mode control over a wide input voltage range from 7 V - 24 V at output voltages up to 50 V. For light insolation, the converter operates in DCM and uses a variable current pulse height to reduce the switching frequency. The peak efficiency measures 98.4 %, whereas a Maximum-Power-Point tracking efficiency larger 99.9 % is achieved. The current sense is based on a low-side sense resistor, during DCM the inductor current waveform is emulated for precise high-side turn-off.

An Integrated Boost Controller with MPPT for Submodule PV Applications

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://1worldcontent.com/ess/9017.pdf

**Abstract:**

We propose a light energy harvester that achieves harvesting efficiency of 82 – 98% at indoor light levels (70 – 1klx) and powers a millimeter-scale system even at 40lx. It improves the efficiency by connecting stacked photovoltaic cells directly to a battery without diode voltage drop and implementing essential battery protection functions in 334pA. The proposed circuit monitors open-circuit voltage of the stacked PV cells indirectly with a tiny auxiliary cell (only 0.16% area penalty) for battery discharging protection without interrupting energy harvesting. It also delays the initial battery charging by 3.9 hours to avoid battery charging during a system assembly process.

A Stacked-Photovoltaic-Cell Energy Harvester with >81% Indoor Light Harvesting Efficiency for Millimeter-Scale Energy-Autonomous Sensor Nodes

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9205844

**Abstract:**

This article focuses on one of the floating body effects in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates, the out-of-equilibrium body potential. Unlike already existing studies which are exploring SOI fully-fabricated devices or SOI wafers measured with pressure probes, here the out-of-equilibrium body potential is explored in SOI substrates with deposited metal contacts. Some technological variants (such as metal choice, annealing, contact geometry) are evaluated through current and potential monitoring under quasi-static conditions. The results of our study reveal a strong dependence of the body potential on the deposited contact material and thermal post-process, while the contact geometry seems to affect less the floating body response.

Out-of-Equilibrium Body Potential Measurement on silicon-on-Insulator with Deposited Metal Contacts

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9174655

**Abstract:**

A new differential method for accurate extraction of electrical parameters of High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) devices for GaN technology is proposed. This method, presented here for the first time, is used to study the mobility degradation with gate length, allowing an analysis of the contribution of the gate edge region to the total MIS-HEMT device conductance. First, an analytical model is proposed to account for the relative conduction of the edges and the main flat part of the channel HEMTs. Second, the differential method allows the split-CV mobility extraction of each part, allowing a precise analysis of the resistive contribution of each region of the HEMT devices. This study has been performed over a large range of channel lengths for two normally-off HEMT GaN wafers having different recess depths.

Analysis of MIS-HEMT Device Edge Behavior for GaN Technology Using New Differential Method

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9186308

**Abstract:**

We investigate the reliability of SiGe HBTs in 55-nm technology under mixed-mode stress. We perform electrical characterization of increased base current degradation at different collector-base voltages. The adopted modeling approach to reproduce experimental data accounts for self-heating and electric fields distribution allowing to match the deviation from the power-law behavior.

Characterization and TCAD Modeling of Mixed-Mode Stress Induced by Impact Ionization in Scaled SiGe HBTs

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9204768

**Abstract:**

Analytic doping profiles and contact resistivities are adjusted to reproduce measured transfer characteristics of state-of-the-art n-type and p-type FinFETs by Monte Carlo device simulation. The results are used to compare the performance of nanosheets (NSs) and FinFETs at advanced-node device dimensions. It is found that the ON-current normalized by the effective gate width reduces for a higher number of sheets due to a higher access resistance of the lower-lying sheets. In order to reach the same absolute current level of FinFETs with a fin height of 55 nm, more than two sheets for n-type and about four sheets for the p-type NSs with a NS width of 16 nmare needed, respectively. This technology computer-aided design (TCAD) approach can serve as input for design-technology cooptimization (DTCO) of advanced devices.

Monte Carlo Comparison of n-Type and p-Type Nanosheets with FinFETs: Effect of the Number of Sheets

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://1worldcontent.com/ess/9064.pdf

**Abstract:**

This paper proposes a light intensity sensing circuit for a millimeter-scale system tracking monarch butterfly migration. The system targets to be mounted on a butterfly and record light intensity during its migration.The proposed circuit contributes to light measurement of the system by consuming negative net energy, averaging light level for 1-minute sleep mode, and suppressing temperature sensitivity. A prototype system achieves energy autonomy at >300lx. A prototype circuit obtains a 3σ inaccuracy of ±1.78% and σ/µ of 2.7% from 10lx to 100klx, a temperature sensitivity of 0.035%/°C from -20 to 85°C, and a supply sensitivity of 1.08%/V from 3.6 to 4.2V.

An Energy Autonomous Light Intensity Sensor for Monarch Butterfly Migration Tracking

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://1worldcontent.com/ess/9101.pdf

**Abstract:**

This paper presents an energy efficient high voltage(HV) ultrasonic driver for ultrasonic haptic feedback, designed to drive Piezo electric micro machined transducers (PMUT). To achieve low power consumption while driving large capacitive load of a PMUT device, advanced charge recycling (ACR) ispresented reducing the reactive power consumption without off-chip supply generation. To facilitate ACR in a compact footprint a bidirectional high voltage switch is proposed. The ultrasonic driver is able to drive a transducer capacitance of 240pF upto 36V swing with a frequency of 250kHz, only consuming 0.2CV2f power, outperforming bulky coil-based solutions. Re-alised in a high voltage 0.18μmbulk BCD technology, the driver only occupies 0.16mm2.

A 36V Ultrasonic Driver for Haptic Feedback Using Advanced Charge Recycling Achieving 0.20CV2f Power Consumption

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://1worldcontent.com/ess/9126.pdf

**Abstract:**

This paper presents a compact analog front-end circuit capable of integrating with a 100µm-pitch 2D. ultrasound transducer array. To realize continuous time-gain compensation, it consists of two variable gain stages, both of which employ a novel complementary current-steering network to realize continuously-variable gain. Per channel, the AFE occupies only 0.025 mm2 and consumes 0.8 mW. It achieves an input noise density of 1.31 pA/√Hz and a gain error of ±0.4 dB, corresponding to the gain-error performance that is 2.5 times better than the prior art.

A Pitch-Matched Analog Front-End with Continuous Time-Gain Compensation for High-Density Ultrasound Transducer Arrays

**Please read the paper on the following link:**

https://1worldcontent.com/ess/9186.pdf

**Abstract:**

This work presents the first solar cell (SC)-powered biofuel cell (BFC)-input biosensing system with hybrid pulse interval modulation (PIM) and pulse density modulation (PDM) LED driving capability for stand-alone RF-less continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) contact lenses, which allows diabetes patients to obtain CGM level information without any external devices. Power supply from on-lens SCs can eliminate wireless power delivery, and LED implementation can eliminate wireless communication. The measured power of 28 nW/144 nW at PIM/PDM mode with a 0.31 V/0.39 V supply voltage can be managed by the on-lens SCs, enabling a fully stand-alone operation under office-room ambient light.

A 0.5 mm2 0.31 V/0.39 V 28 nW/144 nW 65 nm CMOS Solar Cell-Powered Biofuel Cell-Input Biosensing System with PIM/PDM LED Driving for Stand-Alone RF-Less Continuous Glucose Monitoring Contact Lens

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Next from ESSCIRC ESSDERC 2021

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A 1.15 TOPS/W, 16-Cores Parallel Ultra-Low Power Cluster with 2b-to-32b Fully Flexible Bit-Precision and Vector Lockstep Execution Mode

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