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AAAI 2026

January 26, 2026

Singapore, Singapore

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Adversarially perturbed images of text can cause sophisticated OCR systems to produce misleading or incorrect transcriptions from seemingly invisible changes to humans. Some of these perturbations even survive physical capture, posing security risks to high-stakes applications such as document processing, license plate recognition, and automated compliance systems. Existing defenses, such as adversarial training, input preprocessing, or post-recognition correction, are often model-specific, computationally expensive, and affect performance on unperturbed inputs while remaining vulnerable to unseen or adaptive attacks. To address these challenges, TopoReformer is introduced, a model-agnostic reformation pipeline that mitigates adversarial perturbations while preserving the structural integrity of text images. Topology studies properties of shapes and spaces that remain unchanged under continuous deformations, focusing on global structures such as connectivity, holes, and loops rather than exact distance. Leveraging these topological features, TopoReformer employs a topological autoencoder to enforce manifold-level consistency in latent space and improve robustness without explicit gradient regularization. The proposed method is benchmarked on EMNIST, MNIST, against standard adversarial attacks (FGSM, PGD, Carlini–Wagner), adaptive attacks (EOT, BDPA), and an OCR-specific watermark attack (FAWA).

Next from AAAI 2026

Sound-AI: A Pedagogical Tool for Exploring AI in Audio and Bioacoustic Research
technical paper

Sound-AI: A Pedagogical Tool for Exploring AI in Audio and Bioacoustic Research

AAAI 2026

Muhammad Azeem and 2 other authors

26 January 2026

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