AAAI 2026

January 23, 2026

Singapore, Singapore

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Alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences typically relies on supervised reward models or external judges, which in turn require abundant preference data. We propose a generative preference modeling approach for low-resource and domain-specific scenarios, reframing preference learning as an inverse reinforcement learning problem. Instead of training a discriminative reward model, we train the LLM itself to infer and maximize an implicit reward function underlying high-quality reasoning. Specifically, we leverage Chain-of-Thought (CoT) sampling to generate diverse candidate solutions for each query and refine fine-grained preferences from these without additional human labels. We also introduce an entropy-guided token scoring mechanism to rank and weight the sampled CoTs, boosting the importance of high-confidence answers and strategically high-entropy tokens. Building on this, we train the model with our Self-Evaluated Group Advantage (SEGA) algorithm. Compared with other methods, this algorithm efficiently utilizes the fine-grained preference information in group candidate solutions to update the strategy. Our method eliminates dependence on external judges or reward classifiers, instead relying on the generative model’s own judgments. Experiments on general benchmarks and domain-specific tasks—such as mathematical reasoning and medical question answering—demonstrate that our generative preference model achieves significant improvements with limited data.

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Next from AAAI 2026

Adaptive Coopetition: Leveraging Coarse Verifier Signals for Resilient Multi-Agent LLM Reasoning (Student Abstract)
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Adaptive Coopetition: Leveraging Coarse Verifier Signals for Resilient Multi-Agent LLM Reasoning (Student Abstract)

AAAI 2026

Rui Jerry Huang and 2 other authors

23 January 2026

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