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AAAI 2026

January 25, 2026

Singapore, Singapore

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Recent studies on Neural Collapse (NC) reveal that, under class-balanced conditions, the class feature means and the classifier weights spontaneously align into a simplex equiangular tight frame (ETF). In long-tailed regimes, however, severe sample imbalance tends to prevent the emergence of the NC phenomenon, resulting in poor generalization performance.Current efforts predominantly seek to recover the ETF geometry by imposing constraints on features or classifier weights, yet overlook a critical problem: There is a pronounced misalignment between the feature and the classifier weight spaces. In this paper, we theoretically quantify the harm of such misalignment through an optimal error exponent analysis.Built on this insight, we propose three explicit alignment strategies that plug-and-play into existing long-tail methods without architectural change. Extensive experiments on the CIFAR-10-LT, CIFAR-100-LT, and ImageNet-LT datasets consistently boost examined baselines and achieve the state-of-the-art performances.

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Cross-Granularity Hypergraph Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Multi-hop Question Answering
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Cross-Granularity Hypergraph Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Multi-hop Question Answering

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Weihong Deng and 4 other authors

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