United States

Given the ubiquity of multi-task in practical systems, Multi-Task Learning (MTL) has found widespread application across diverse domains. In real-world scenarios, these tasks often have different priorities. For instance, In web search, relevance is often prioritized over other metrics, such as click-through rates or user engagement. Existing frameworks pay insufficient attention to the prioritization among different tasks, which typically adjust task-specific loss function weights to differentiate task priorities. However, this approach encounters challenges as the number of tasks grows, leading to exponential increases in hyperparameter tuning complexity. Furthermore, the simultaneous optimization of multiple objectives can negatively impact the performance of high-priority tasks due to interference from lower-priority tasks.

In this paper, we introduce a novel multi-task learning framework employing Lagrangian Differential Multiplier Methods for step-wise multi-task optimization. It is designed to boost the performance of high-priority task without interference from other tasks. Its primary advantage lies in its ability to automatically optimize multiple objectives without requiring balancing hyper-parameters for different tasks, thereby eliminating the need for manual tuning. Additionally, we provide a theoretical proof demonstrating that our method ensures optimization guarantees, enhancing the reliability of the process. We demonstrate its effectiveness through experiments on multiple public datasets and its application in a large-scale industrial search ranking system, resulting in significant improvements across various business metrics.

AAAI 2025

No More Tuning: Prioritized Multi-Task Learning with Lagrangian Differential Multiplier Methods

## Welcome to NAACL 2022!
The Annual Meeting of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL) is taking place July 10-15, 2022 as a hybrid event, in Seattle, WA and online. We are happy to welcome all of you to conference! 
 
The main conference program features oral presentations, in-person and virtual posters and demo sessions, a plenary session for our best paper presentations and awards, keynote presentations, a plenary panel on the place of linguistics and symbolic structures in NLP, and an Industrial Track panel on Careers in NLP.
 
Posters (including Findings of NAACL 2022) and demos are grouped by areas for both the in-person and the virtual sessions. For the virtual component, the talks will be on Zoom and the posters and the demos will be in GatherTown. The Student Research Workshop and will have an oral session and a poster session.
 
The program also features 6 Tutorials and 26 Workshops.
 
 We wish you a wonderful conference!
 
[The NAACL 2022 Organizing Committee](https://2022.naacl.org/committees/organization/)

NAACL 2022

2022 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics

poster

We are pleased to announce the Thirty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-25), which will be held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at the Pennsylvania Convention Center from February 25 to March 4, 2025.

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-25 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and a range of other activities to be announced.

### [Invited Speakers](https://aaai.org/conference/aaai/aaai-25/aaai-25-invited-speakers/)

Register [here](https://aaai.org/conference/aaai/aaai-25/registration/)

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-25 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and a range of other activities to be announced.



As the use of machine learning models has increased, numerous studies have aimed to enhance fairness. However, research on the intersection of fairness and explainability remains insufficient, leading to potential issues in gaining the trust of actual users.
Here, we propose a novel module that constructs a fair latent space, enabling faithful explanation while ensuring fairness. The fair latent space is constructed by disentangling and redistributing labels and sensitive attributes, allowing the generation of counterfactual explanations for each type of information. Our module is attached to a pretrained generative model, transforming its biased latent space into a fair latent space. Additionally, since only the module needs to be trained, there are advantages in terms of time and cost savings, without the need to train the entire generative model. We validate the fair latent space with various fairness metrics and demonstrate that our approach can effectively provide explanations for biased decisions and assurances of fairness.

Constructing Fair Latent Space for Intersection of Fairness and Explainability

In the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, using variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to solve optimization problems has become a key application. However, these algorithms face significant challenges, such as choosing an effective initial set of parameters and the limited quantum processing time that restricts the number of optimization iterations.
In this study, we introduce a new framework for optimizing parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) that employs a classical optimizer, inspired by Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) technique. This approach aim to achieve better parameter initialization that ensures fast convergence.
Our framework features a classical neural network, called ${Learner}$, which interacts with a PQC using the output of ${Learner}$ as an initial parameter. During the pre-training phase, ${Learner}$ is trained with the meta objective function. In the adaptation phase, the framework requires only a few PQC updates to converge to a more accurate value, while the learner remains unchanged. 
This method is highly adaptable and is effectively extended to various Hamiltonian optimization problems. We validate our approach through experiments, including distribution function mapping and optimization of the Heisenberg XYZ Hamiltonian. 
The result implies that the ${Learner}$ successfully estimates initial parameters that generalize across the problem space, enabling fast adaptation.

Q-MAML: Quantum Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Variational Quantum Algorithms

Post-processing networks (PPNs) are components that modify the outputs of arbitrary modules in task-oriented dialogue systems and are optimized using reinforcement learning (RL) to improve the overall task completion capability of the system. However, previous PPN-based approaches have been limited to handling only a subset of modules within a system, posing a significant limitation on improving system performance. In this paper, we propose a novel joint optimization method for post-processing the outputs of all modules using universal post-processing networks (UniPPNs), which are language model-based networks capable of modifying the outputs of arbitrary modules in the system as a sequence transformation task. Moreover, our RL algorithm, which employs a module-level Markov decision process, enables fine-grained value and advantage estimation for each module, stabilizing the joint learning for post-processing the outputs of all modules. Through both simulation-based and human evaluation experiments using the MultiWOZ dataset, we demonstrate that UniPPN outperforms conventional PPNs in the task completion capability of task-oriented dialogue systems.

Universal Post-Processing Networks for Joint Optimization of Modules in Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems

Abstract—Industrial anomaly detection achieves progress thanks to datasets such as MVTec AD and VISA. However, they suffer from limitations in terms of the number of defect samples, types of defects, and availability of real-world scenes. These constraints inhibit researchers from further exploring the performance of industrial detection with higher accuracy. To this end, we propose a new large-scale anomaly detection dataset called 3CAD, which is derived from real 3C production lines. Specifically, the proposed 3CAD includes eight different types of manufactured parts, totaling 26,775 high-resolution images labeled with pixel-level anomalies. The key features of 3CAD are that it covers anomalous regions of different sizes, multiple anomaly types, and the possibility of multiple anomalous regions and multiple anomaly types per anomaly image. This is the largest and first anomaly detection dataset dedicated to 3C product quality control for community exploration and development. Meanwhile, we introduce a simple yet effective framework for unsupervised anomaly detection: a Coarse-to-Fine detection paradigm with Recovery Guidance (CFRG). To detect small defect anomalies, the proposed CFRG utilizes a coarse-to-fine detection paradigm. Specifically, we utilize a heterogeneous distillation model for coarse localization and then fine localization through a segmentation model. In addition, to better capture normal patterns, we introduce recovery features as guidance. Finally,  we report the results of our CFRG framework and popular anomaly detection methods on the 3CAD dataset, demonstrating strong competitiveness and providing a highly challenging benchmark to promote the development of the anomaly detection field.

3CAD: A Large-Scale Real-World 3C Product Dataset for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have already seen widespread applications.
Researchers actively engage in further fine-tuning VLMs in safety-critical domains. 
In these domains, prediction rationality is crucial: the prediction should be correct and based on valid evidence.
Yet, for VLMs, the impact of fine-tuning on prediction rationality is seldomly investigated. 
To study this problem, we proposed two new metrics called Prediction Trustworthiness and Inference Reliability.
We conducted extensive experiments on various settings and observed some interesting phenomena.
On the one hand, we found that the well-adopted fine-tuning methods led to more correct predictions based on invalid evidence.
This potentially undermines the trustworthiness of correct predictions from fine-tuned VLMs.
On the other hand, having identified valid evidence of target objects, fine-tuned VLMs were more likely to make correct predictions.
Moreover, the findings are also consistent under distributional shifts and across various experimental settings.
We hope our research offer fresh insights to VLM fine-tuning.
We will release the source code upon acceptance.

Beyond Accuracy: On the Effects of Fine-Tuning Towards Vision-Language Model’s Prediction Rationality

Large language models (LLMs) excel in language tasks, especially with supervised fine-tuning after pre-training. However, their substantial memory and computational requirements hinder practical applications. Structural pruning, which reduces less significant weight dimensions, is one solution. Yet, traditional post-hoc pruning often leads to significant performance loss, with limited recovery from further fine-tuning due to reduced capacity. Since the model fine-tuning refines the general and chaotic knowledge in pre-trained models, we aim to incorporate structural pruning with the fine-tuning, and propose the Pruning-Aware Tuning (PAT) paradigm to eliminate model redundancy while preserving the model performance to the maximum extend.
Specifically, we insert the innovative Hybrid Sparsification Modules (HSMs) between the Attention and FFN components to accordingly sparsify the upstream and downstream linear modules. The HSM comprises a lightweight operator and a globally shared trainable mask. The lightweight operator maintains a training overhead comparable to that of LoRA, while the trainable mask unifies the channels to be sparsified, ensuring structural pruning.
Additionally, we propose the Identity Loss which decouples the transformation and scaling properties of the HSMs to enhance training robustness. Extensive experiments demonstrate that PAT excels in both performance and efficiency. For example, our Llama2-7b model with a 25\% pruning ratio achieves 1.33$\times$ speedup while outperforming the LoRA-finetuned model by up to 1.26\% in accuracy with a similar training cost.

PAT: Pruning-Aware Tuning for Large Language Models

As a potential application of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, multi-agent collaborative perception has achieved significant success in 3D object detection. While these methods have demonstrated impressive results on standard benchmarks, the robustness of such approaches in the face of complex real-world environments requires additional verification. 
To bridge this gap, we introduce the first comprehensive benchmark designed to evaluate the robustness of collaborative perception methods in the presence of natural corruptions typical of real-world environments.
Furthermore, we propose DSRC, a robustness-enhanced collaborative perception method aiming to learn Density-insensitive and Semantic-aware collaborative Representation against Corruptions. DSRC consists of two key designs: i) a semantic-guided sparse-to-dense distillation framework, which constructs multi-view dense objects painted by ground truth bounding boxes to effectively learn density-insensitive and semantic-aware collaborative representation; ii) a feature-to-point cloud reconstruction approach to better fuse critical collaborative representation across agents. To thoroughly evaluate DSRC, we conduct extensive experiments on real-world and simulated datasets. The results demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art collaborative perception methods in both clean and corrupted conditions. The code and reproducibility checklist are available in  the supplementary materials.

DSRC: Learning Density-insensitive and Semantic-aware Collaborative Representation against Corruptions

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has achieved excellent performance over a wide range of tasks. However, the effectiveness of CLIP heavily relies on a substantial corpus of pretraining data, resulting in notable consumption of computational resources. Although knowledge distillation has been widely applied in single modality models, how to efficiently expand knowledge distillation to vision-language foundation models with extensive data remains relatively unexplored. In this paper, we introduce CLIP-CID, a novel distillation mechanism that effectively transfers knowledge from a large vision-language foundation model to a smaller model. We initially propose a simple but efficient image semantic balance method to reduce transfer learning bias and improve distillation efficiency. This method filters out 43.7% of image-text pairs from the LAION400M while maintaining superior performance. After that, we leverage cluster-instance discrimination to facilitate knowledge transfer from the teacher model to the student model, thereby empowering the student model to acquire a holistic semantic comprehension of the pretraining data. Experimental results demonstrate that CLIP-CID achieves state-of-the-art performance on various downstream tasks including linear probe and zero-shot classification.

CLIP-CID: Efficient CLIP Distillation via Cluster-Instance Discrimination

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a fundamental technique in analytical chemistry. Recently, deep learning (DL) has drawn great interest as the modeling method of infrared spectral data. However, unlike vision or language tasks, IR spectral data modeling is faced with the problem of calibration transfer and has distinctive characteristics. Introducing the prior knowledge of IR spectroscopy could guide the DL methods to learn representations aligned with the domain-invariant characteristics of spectra, and thus improve the performance. Despite such potential, there is a notable absence of DL methods that incorporate such inductive bias. To this end, we propose Analytical-Chemistry-Informed Transformer (ACT) with two modules informed by the field knowledge in analytical chemistry. First, ACT includes learnable spectral processing inspired by chemometrics, which comprises spectral pre-processing, tokenization, and post-processing. Second, a straightforward yet effective attention mechanism, namely spectral-attention, is incorporated into ACT. Spectral-attention utilizes the intra-spectral and inter-spectral correlations to extract spectral representations. Empirical results show that ACT has achieved competitive results in 9 analytical tasks covering applications across pharmacy, chemistry, and agriculture. Compared with existing networks, ACT reduces the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) by more than 20\% in calibration transfer tasks. These results indicate that DL methods in IR spectroscopy could benefit from the integration of prior knowledge in analytical chemistry.

Analytical-Chemistry-Informed Transformer for Infrared Spectra Modeling

Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) representation has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for multi-view 3D object detection, demonstrating impressive perceptual capabilities. However, existing methods overlook the geometric quality of BEV representation, leaving it in a low-resolution state and failing to restore the authentic geometric information of the scene. In this paper, we identify the drawbacks of previous approaches that limit the geometric quality of BEV representation and propose Radial-Cartesian BEV Sampling (RC-Sampling), which outperforms other feature transformation methods in efficiently generating high-resolution dense BEV representations to restore fine-grained geometric information. Additionally, we design a novel In-Box Label to substitute the traditional depth label generated from the LiDAR points. This label reflects the actual geometric structure of objects rather than just their surfaces, injecting real-world geometric information into the BEV representation. In conjunction with the In-Box Label, Centroid-Aware Inner Loss (CAI Loss) is developed to capture the inner geometric structure of objects. Finally, we integrate the aforementioned modules into a novel multi-view 3D object detection framework, dubbed GeoBEV. It achieves a state-of-the-art result of 66.2% NDS on the nuScenes test set and surpasses 2.6% NDS over StreamPETR. The code and models will be made publicly available.

Downloads

Next from AAAI 2025

Constructing Fair Latent Space for Intersection of Fairness and Explainability

Similar lecture

Exploring the Role of Task Transferability in Large-Scale Multi-Task Learning

Stay up to date with the latest Underline news!

PRESENTATIONS

CONFERENCES

COMPANY

RESOURCES

.css-70qvj9{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}Downloads

Next from AAAI 2025

Constructing Fair Latent Space for Intersection of Fairness and Explainability

Similar lecture

Exploring the Role of Task Transferability in Large-Scale Multi-Task Learning

Stay up to date with the latest Underline news!

PRESENTATIONS

CONFERENCES

COMPANY

RESOURCES

Downloads