United States

Text-to-audio generation models (TAG) such as AudioGen have achieved significant advances in generating audio conditioned on text descriptions. However, a critical challenge lies in the lack of transparency of how textual input contributes to the generated audio. To address this issue, we introduce AudioGenX, an Explainable AI (XAI) method that provides both factual and counterfactual explanations for text-to-audio generation models. AudioGenX optimizes $Explainer$ by leveraging factual and counterfactual objective functions, to provide faithful explanations to be generated at the audio token level. The method offers a detailed and comprehensive understanding of the relationship between text inputs and audio outputs, enhancing both the explainability and trustworthiness of TAG models. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of AudioGenX in producing faithful explanations, which are benchmarked against existing methods using novel evaluation metrics specifically designed for audio generation tasks. Our code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/audiogenX/.

AAAI 2025

AudioGenX: Explainability on Text-to-Audio Generative Models

interpretable

transparent

explainable

### Welcome to 2025 Annual Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics

Welcome to the 2025 meeting of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics! I am proud to help organize the first NAACL conference to carry the new name of our organization, one that emphasizes inclusion for all of the Americas. I am also pleased to welcome you to Albuquerque, New Mexico, a state whose unique blend of cultural influences will make for an excellent backdrop for NAACL 2025, especially with this year’s special theme on NLP in a Multicultural World. 
**[Continue reading...](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jX-qGhqVSZZCIrAnJaz798pflu5Irrdn/view?usp=sharing)**

*- Colin Cherry, Google, NAACL 2025 General Chair* 

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NAACL 2025

Welcome to 2025 Annual Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics

poster

We are pleased to announce the Thirty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-25), which will be held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at the Pennsylvania Convention Center from February 25 to March 4, 2025.

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-25 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and a range of other activities to be announced.

### [Invited Speakers](https://aaai.org/conference/aaai/aaai-25/aaai-25-invited-speakers/)

Register [here](https://aaai.org/conference/aaai/aaai-25/registration/)

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-25 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and a range of other activities to be announced.



Multi-label few-shot image classification is a crucial and challenging task due to limited annotated data and elusive category specificity. However, research on this topic is still in the rudimentary stage and few methods are available. Existing methods either leverage data augmentation to alleviate data scarcity or utilize label features as auxiliary knowledge to eliminate the negative effect caused by irrelevant categories, but they ignore the utilization of image region features for data augmentation, and overlook to learn appropriate text feature to better match the image features of specific categories. Moreover, these methods only focus on one side and do not effectively tackle the above two issues simultaneously. In this paper, we introduce a novel prototype-based multi-label few-shot learning framework that seamlessly integrates pairwise feature augmentation and flexible prompt learning. Specifically, by pairwise feature augmentation, we leverage the region features of images in the support set to generate more image features and construct image prototypes, thus alleviating the issue of data scarcity. By flexible prompt learning, we adaptively acquire class-specific prompts to build text prototypes that highly match the image features of specific classes, thereby mitigating the impact of irrelevant classes. Finally, with adaptive learnable parameters, we merge image and text prototypes to obtain the final prototypes, achieving a more powerful classifier for multi-label few-shot image classification. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can push the performance to a higher level.

Multi-Label Few-Shot Image Classification via Pairwise Feature Augmentation and Flexible Prompt Learning

Cross-domain few-shot learning (CDFSL) requires the model to transfer knowledge from the data-abundant source domain to data-scarce target domains for fast adaptation, where the large domain gap makes CDFSL a challenging problem.
Masked Autoencoder (MAE) excels in effectively using unlabeled data and learning image's global structures, enhancing model generalization and robustness. However, in the CDFSL task with significant domain shifts, we find MAE even shows lower performance than the baseline supervised models. 
In this paper, we first delve into this phenomenon for an interpretation.
We find that MAE tends to focus on low-level domain information during reconstructing pixels while changing the reconstruction target to token features could mitigate this problem. However, not all features are beneficial, as we then find reconstructing high-level features can hardly improve the model's transferability, indicating a trade-off between filtering domain information and preserving the image's global structure. 
In all, the reconstruction target matters for the CDFSL task.
Based on the above findings and interpretations, we further propose Domain-Agonostic Masked Image Modeling (DAMIM) for the CDFSL task. DAMIM includes an Aggregated Feature Reconstruction module to automatically aggregate features for reconstruction, with balanced learning of domain-agnostic information and images' global structure, and a Lightweight Decoder module to further benefit the encoder's generalizability.
Experiments on four CDFSL datasets demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance.

Reconstruction Target Matters in Masked Image Modeling for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning

Label correction methods are popular for their simple architecture in learning with noisy labels. However, they suffer severely from false label correction and achieve subpar performance compared with state-of-the-art methods. In this paper, we revisit the label correction methods through theoretical analysis of gradient scaling and demonstrate that the sample-wise dynamic and class-wise uniformity of interpolation weight prevents memorization of the mislabeled samples. We then propose DULC, a simple yet effective label correction method 
that uses the normalized Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD) metric as the interpolation weight to promote sample-wise dynamic and class-wise uniformity. Additionally, we provide theoretical evidence that sharpening predictions in label correction facilitates the memorization of true class, and we achieve it by employing the augmentation strategy along with the sharpening function. Extensive experiments on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, TinyImageNet, WebVision and Clothing1M datasets demonstrate substantial improvements over state-of-the-art methods. Our code is available in supplementary material.

Revisiting Interpolation for Noisy Label Correction

Generative retrieval constitutes an innovative approach in information retrieval, leveraging generative language models(LM) to generate a ranked list of document identifiers (docid) for a given query. It simplifies the retrieval pipeline by replacing the large external index with model parameters. However, existing works merely learned the relationship between queries and document identifiers, which is unable to directly represent the relevance between queries and documents. To address the above problem, we propose a novel and general generative retrieval framework, namely Leveraging Document-Oriented Contrastive Learning in Generative Retrieval (DOGR), which leverages contrastive learning to improve generative retrieval tasks. It adopts a two-stage learning strategy that captures the relationship between queries and documents comprehensively through direct interactions. Furthermore, negative sampling methods and corresponding contrastive learning objectives are implemented to enhance the learning of semantic representations, thereby promoting a thorough comprehension of the relationship between queries and documents. Experimental results demonstrate that DOGR achieves state-of-the-art performance compared to existing generative retrieval methods on two public benchmark datasets. Further experiments have shown that our framework is generally effective for common identifier construction techniques.

DOGR: Leveraging Document-Oriented Contrastive Learning in Generative Retrieval

Incomplete multi-view clustering is a challenging task that
perform partition on multi-view data with missing views.
Previous methods directly recover missing instances or fill
in incomplete similarity matrices. However, most of them
suffer from the following limitations: (1) multi-view fusion
and completion are conducted before spectral analysis, resulting
in sub-optimal clustering performance. (2) The complex
optimization process requires heavy computational burden,
limiting their scalability to large-scale problems. In this
paper, we propose a highly efficient rotation-invariant spectral
embedding (RISE) method for scalable incomplete multiview
clustering. Specifically, RISE learns incomplete viewspecific
embeddings from bipartite graphs with incomplete
structural information. Meanwhile, the complete consensus
representation with second-order rotation-invariant property
is recovered from the incomplete view-specific embeddings.
Moreover, we design a fast alternating optimization algorithm
with linear complexity and promising convergence to solve
the proposed formulation. Extensive experiments on multiple
datasets demonstrate the effectiveness, scalability and efficiency
of RISE compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

Highly Efficient Rotation-Invariant Spectral Embedding for Scalable Incomplete Multi-View Clustering

Point-based interactive colorization techniques allow users to effortlessly colorize grayscale images using user-provided color hints. However, point-based methods often face challenges when different colors are given to semantically similar areas, leading to color intermingling and unsatisfactory results—an issue we refer to as color collapse. The fundamental cause of the color collapse is the inadequacy of points for defining the boundaries for each color. To mitigate color collapse, we introduce a lasso tool that can control the scope of each color hint. Additionally, we design a framework that leverages the user-provided lassos to localize the attention masks. The experimental results show that using a single lasso is as effective as applying 4.18 individual color hints and can achieve the desired outcomes in 30% less time than using points alone.

Enabling Region-Specific Control via Lassos in Point-Based Colorization

We propose a transformation diffusion model for point cloud registration to balance precision and efficiency. Our method formulates point cloud registration as a denoising diffusion process from noisy transformation to object transformation, which is represented by quaternion and translation. Specifically, in training stage, object transformation diffuses from ground-truth transformation to random distribution, and the model learns to reverse this noising process. In sampling stage, the model refines randomly generated transformation to the optimal transformation in a progressive way. We derive the variational bound in closed form for training and provide instantiation of the model. Our diffusion model maps transformation into latent space, and splits the transformation into two components (rotation and translation) based on the fact that they belong to different solution spaces. In addition, our work provides the following crucial findings: (i) Point cloud registration, one of the representative discriminative tasks, can be solved by a generative way and mapped into latent space to obtain new unified probabilistic formulation. (ii) Our model, Transformation Diffusion Model (TDM) can be a plug-and-play agent for point cloud registration, making our method applicable to different deep registration networks. Experimental results on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that, in correspondence-free and correspondence-based scenarios, TDM can both achieve exceeding 60% performance improvements and higher efficiency simultaneously.

Where Precision Meets Efficiency: Transformation Diffusion Model for Point Cloud Registration

Personalized text-to-image generation methods can generate customized images based on the reference images, which have garnered wide research interest. Recent methods propose a finetuning-free approach with a decoupled cross-attention mechanism to generate personalized images requiring no test-time finetuning. However, when multiple reference images are provided, the current decoupled cross-attention mechanism encounters the object confusion problem and fails to map each reference image to its corresponding object, thereby seriously limiting its scope of application. To address the object confusion problem, in this work we investigate the relevance of different positions of the latent image features to the target object in diffusion model, and accordingly propose a weighted-merge method to merge multiple reference image features into the corresponding objects. Next, we integrate this weighted-merge method into existing pre-trained models and continue to train the model on a multi-object dataset constructed from the open-sourced SA-1B dataset. To mitigate object confusion and reduce training costs, we propose an object quality score to estimate the image quality for the selection of high-quality training samples. Furthermore, our weighted-merge training framework can be employed on single-object generation when a single object has multiple reference images. The experiments verify that our method achieves superior performance to the state-of-the-arts on the Concept101 dataset and DreamBooth dataset of multi-object personalized image generation, and remarkably improves the performance on single-object personalized image generation. Our code will be made available soon.

Resolving Multi-Condition Confusion for Finetuning-Free Personalized Image Generation

Trajectory generation has garnered significant attention from researchers in the field of spatio-temporal analysis, as it can generate substantial synthesized human mobility trajectories that enhance user privacy and alleviate data scarcity. However, existing trajectory generation methods often focus on improving trajectory generation quality from a singular perspective, lacking a comprehensive semantic understanding across various scales. Consequently, we are inspired to develop a HOlistic SEmantic Representation (HOSER) framework for navigational trajectory generation. Given an origin and destination (OD) pair and the starting time point of a latent trajectory, we first propose a Road Network Encoder to expand the receptive field of road- and zone-level semantics. Second, we design a Multi-Granularity Trajectory Encoder to integrate the spatio-temporal semantics of the generated trajectory at both the point and trajectory levels. Finally, we employ a Destination-Oriented Navigator to seamlessly integrate destination-oriented guidance. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that HOSER outperforms state-of-the-art baselines by a significant margin. The excellent performance demonstrated with minimal training data further verifies the effectiveness of our holistic semantic representation. Our code will be made publicly available.

Holistic Semantic Representation for Navigational Trajectory Generation

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant progress in mathematical reasoning, especially in elementary math. However, they remain indisposed on tackling complex questions at high-school or college levels, which put forward a more advanced requirement of mastering relevant mathematical theorems. For we humans, whether selecting the appropriate theorems according to the provided question is a crucial factor affecting the quality of the ultimate solutions, yet which has been neglected by previous research in the field of LLM reasoning. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to enhance the LLM's capability of utilizing the mathematical theorems to specific problems, which we refer to as Theorem Rationale (TR). To this end, a new dataset encompassing problem-theorem-solution triples is deliberately established for transferring principles of TR. Furthermore, we develop an evolving strategy to boost hierarchical instructions oriented on the theorems to alleviate difficulty in acquiring the curated data and facilitate the digestion of theorem application from various perspectives. Evaluations on a wide range of public datasets exhibit that the model fine-tuned with our dataset achieves consistent improvements at varying mathematical levels compared to the backbone. And further ablation studies illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed evolutionary strategies on enhancing the model's capability of math problem-solving. Overall, extensive experiments reveal the potential of our proposed method which highlights the significance of aligning the problems with the concrete theorems for LLMs to alleviate hallucination and improve the models' mathematical reasoning capabilities.

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Multi-Label Few-Shot Image Classification via Pairwise Feature Augmentation and Flexible Prompt Learning

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Probing Audio-Generation Capabilities of Text-Based Language Models

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