Background Disparities in health outcomes are well documented among racial and ethnic minority groups (REMG). However, broad and diverse inclusion in clinical trial research participation remains a national problem. Historically, clinical studies have not been inclusive of REMG. This study aims to identify barriers hindering ethnic and minority groups in the metropolitan area of Portland, Oregon from participating in clinical trials. 

Methods Adult residents aged 18 years or older within the metropolitan Portland, Oregon area were surveyed in public places throughout the city and surrounding suburbs. Each participant responded to a demographic survey and 10-question inquiry regarding their opinions of clinical trials. Answers were documented by interviewers and audio recorded for thematic analysis. Responses were grouped into common themes and ranked by frequency. Chi-squared analyses were performed to determine differences between groups.

Results A total of 206 participants were surveyed, with a response rate of 60%. The majority of participants were female (55.8%), aged 18-24 years old (44.7%), or 35-55 (27.9%) years old. Around 40.9% were white, 33.7% Asian, 12% Black or African American, 28% mixed race, and 15% unknown. Education levels among participants included high school degree (26.5%), some college without a degree (17.8%), associate’s degree (25%), bachelor’s degree (26.9%), and graduate degree (15.4%). 

The majority of respondents (70%) had a positive view of clinical trials and cited benefits for society and advancements in medicine and science. However, approximately 30% expressed negative views, citing a lack of real-world benefits, participation barriers, safety concerns, and significant risks as reasons for reluctance to volunteer for a clinical trial.

Notably, positive opinions of clinical trials among minority groups (66%), including Black and African Americans (57%), were significantly lower than those of white residents (79%, p=0.00001). Significantly, nonwhite participants when compared to white respondents (10%), including Asian (20%) and Mixed race (30%) respondents, showed less interest in participating in clinical (17%, p=0.016).

Conclusion In the metropolitan area of Portland, residents had an overall favorable view of clinical trials. However, significant disparities exist in how minority groups perceive clinical trials. White and Caucasian residents were more likely to view clinical trial participation positively compared to minority groups. There is a considerable difference in interest among minority groups, who demonstrate lower levels of participation compared to white respondents, highlighting the need to investigate these barriers. Future studies are needed to better understand these disparate perceptions and improve clinical trial participation among minorities.