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VIDEO DOI: https://doi.org/10.48448/trct-4c09

poster

AMA Research Challenge 2024

November 07, 2024

Virtual only, United States

Rates of thrombotic events in patients with cardiovascular disease following COVID-19 delta variant in the era of vaccine availability

Background Viral infections, including SARS-CoV2/COVID-19, have been associated with high incidence of DVT. There is evidence that patients infected during the first wave of COVID-19, and especially those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD), have increased immediate risk of thrombosis and mortality. However, the short- and long- term incidence and risk of thrombosis, in patients with SARS-CoV2/COVID-19 with CVD in the era of vaccine availability is less clear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rate of venous and arterial thrombotic events and mortality at 1 month after COVID-19 diagnosis in patients with and without CVD. Methods This is a retrospective analysis from 9/12/2021 to 10/12/2022, during the Delta and Omicron variant eras, of patients over 18 years old with and without preexisting CVD and a positive COVID-19 diagnosis at our university hospital. Patient data including sex, age, BMI, comorbidities, lab tests, imaging, and procedures were reviewed at time of COVID diagnosis and at the 1-month timepoint following COVID-19 diagnosis. Pearson’s chi square tests were performed to calculate the statistical significance of the relation between pre-existing CVD and thrombotic outcomes of interest within 1 month of COVID-19 diagnosis. Results This interim analysis includes 16,228 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 over a 1- year time period with a mean age of 31 ± 23 years. Of these, 2,938 had pre-existing CVD with advanced age compared to patients without CVD (CVD 59 ± 18 years vs 25 ± 19 years). There is a significant relationship between pre-existing CVD and the development of venous thrombosis; venous thromboembolism (p < .00001), deep venous thrombosis (p = .0001), and pulmonary embolism (p = .0001). There was also a significant relationship between CVD and the development of arterial thrombosis; stroke (p = .00002) and myocardial infarction (p < .00001). Lastly there was a significant relationship with mortality (p < .00001). Conclusion Our preliminary data show that patients with CVD may have increased rates of thromboembolic events in the month following COVID-19 infections occurring after the availability of vaccines. Further multivariate analysis may be helpful to evaluate the combined effect of multiple factors including age, gender, and smoking on thrombotic risk. Additional studies investigating the persistence of the increased risk of thrombotic events after viral infections such as COVID-19 may help guide preventative or prophylactic strategies and duration for patients with CVD.

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