Background: As diversity continues to flourish in the United States (US), more patients encountered by physicians primarily speak languages other than English. 25.5 million people in the US disclosed they were Limited English Proficient (LEP). LEP patients are known to be marginalized in terms of receiving adequate health care and undergo less preventative care than other individuals of the same ethnicity that are proficient in English. 

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of breast and cervical cancer screening rates between women with and without difficulty communicating. 

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of adult women using the 2021 National Health Interview Survey. The rates of breast and cervical cancer screening between women who indicated they had “difficulty communicating” to women who did not were compared. The US Preventive Screening Task Force guidelines were used. Demographic and behavioral variables were analyzed in relation to reported breast and cervical cancer screening. SAS v9.4 was used to analyze the data in a manner that accounts for the complex sample survey design. Bivariate comparisons were performed using Chi-square test, all significance tests were two-sided, p-value < .05 for significance. This study was approved by UND IRB. 

Results: Of the estimated 50 million (unweighted n=6,851) respondents, 4.2% of women reported having difficulty communicating. Women who reported having difficulty communicating were significantly less likely to have received a mammogram within the last 2 years than women who reported no difficulty communicating (p=.015). Similarly, women who reported having difficulty communicating were significantly less likely to have ever had cervical cancer screening (p=.000), to have the last visit as wellness visit (p=.014), and to report poor health (p=.000) than women who reported no difficulty communicating. There was no association between being a US citizen, duration in the US, or birth in the US and difficulty communicating. 

Conclusion: Women with difficulty communicating were less likely to report mammography and cervical cancer screening compared to those with no difficulty communicating. Physicians should spend longer visits with women who have difficulty communicating to enhance preventive cancer screenings and should encourage yearly wellness visits.

Association Between Difficulty Communicating and Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening

This project aims to investigate vaccine hesitancy in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and how social/structural barriers to vaccine access and lack of trustworthiness may impact equitable vaccination rates in African American individuals who reside in the Southeastern US. Current research shows that 46% of participants in a similar study expressed uncertain/low intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine with factors such as distrust in the efficacy of vaccines influencing intentions most strongly. This project will analyze data from the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS), a prospective cohort of approximately 85,000 adults, to examine predisposing, enabling, and need factors from the Andersen Behavioral Model as predictors of vaccine uptake. The results of this study will be presented at scientific conferences, distributed to members of the community, and used to inform dissemination strategies.

Investigating How Social & Structural Barriers to Vaccine Access and Lack of Trustworthiness May Impact Vaccination Rates Among African Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background
Research is a cornerstone of medical education, and demonstration of aptitude in this area is necessary to fulfill the general competencies identified by the ACGME. As such, research opportunities for medical students should be available, accessible, and fulfilling. However, a variety of reasons exist that hinder the ability of medical students to achieve their desired and essential experiences in clinical and/or laboratory research. These impediments can lead to student dissatisfaction and less competitive residency applications. 

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of University of Massachusetts (UMass) Chan Medical School students to better understand the current state of student research. Current and past research participation was collected, including the number of projects and weekly commitment. A Likert scale was used to query students’ perceptions regarding importance of participating in research, ease of accessing and applying to research opportunities, and barriers to research opportunities. Student satisfaction with access to research opportunities was ranked from 1-10 (least-most satisfied). This survey was approved by the UMass Chan Medical School IRB (STUDY00000459). 

Results
Overall, 108 students (16.7% of all UMass medical students) completed the survey, of which 63 (58.3%) were pre-clinical students. Most students (88.9%) responded that scholarly activity was ‘slightly important’ or ‘very important’, but only 61.1% of students reported involvement in a scholarly project. 51% of students responded that research opportunities are ‘somewhat’ or ‘very difficult’ to access. Mean satisfaction with access to research was 4.4 +/- 2.6. The three most common selected barriers to research activity were difficulty finding research project listings (64.8%), not having enough time available (45.4%), and trouble contacting investigators (42.6%). 

Conclusion
Students recognize the importance of scholarly activity during medical education in molding their professional and academic identity, and in improving their residency competitiveness. However, gaining access to opportunities can be difficult. Despite UMass Chan Medical School being amongst the top 25% of institutions in terms of research output per student, we identified a significant opportunity to improve student satisfaction in medical education through research. While it would be difficult to address some barriers, such as available time for medical students, improving accessibility of opportunities and communication represent targets for countermeasures. We recently secured funding to establish resident liaisons within clinical departments and a Drupal server to create a research listing database called 'UMatch'.

Facilitating Medical Students in Pursuit of Scholarly Activity: A Quality Initiative Using A3 Problem Solving to Improve Student Resources

Background
Several residency advisor opinion pieces have been published on the transition of the USMLE Step 1 exam from a numerical score to pass/fail since January 2022. However, there have been few assessments of medical student perspectives. The impact of this change on minoritized medical students including those from racial/ethnic backgrounds underrepresented in medicine (URiM; Black/African American, Hispanic/Latinx, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Pacific Islander/Native Hawaiian), LGBTQ+, or first-generation college students is poorly understood. The decision for this scoring transition was multifactorial, including a potential to increase medical student well-being and diversity and inclusion in residency selection. We investigate the impact of the pass/fail Step 1 scoring on wellness, career planning, and resource access from a medical student perspective with comparisons between minoritized and represented students.
Methods
Medical students at a single LCME accredited institution who had completed the USMLE Step 1 exam in 2022 or 2023 and received a pass/fail score were recruited for this study. Participants completed a 27-question anonymous electronic survey and were asked to self-report demographics, sense of wellness, career planning, and access to study resources during their dedicated study period. Statistical analyses with chi-squared tests were conducted using R.
Results
There were 128 eligible study participants; 55 identified as minoritized, including URiM (18.0%), LBGTQ+ (19.5%), or first-generation college student (25.0%). Overall, 66.4% of students felt that the change to pass/fail scoring improved student wellness in their class. However, 28.9% reported that it also affected their interest or confidence in pursuing certain specialties, and 75.8% reported feeling pressured to pursue more research and extracurricular activities. Many students (49.2%) reported “poor” or “terrible” wellness while preparing for the exam, including URiM (69.6% vs. 44.8%, p=0.054) and all minoritized students (58.2% vs. 42.5%, p=0.114) compared to their respective counterparts. Minoritized students (38.2% vs. 19.2%, p=0.029), especially URiM (52.2% vs. 21.9%, p=0.007), were more likely to report poor financial access to exam preparation resources compared to their respective counterparts. 
Conclusion
Although generalizability is limited by sample size at a single institution, a large proportion of medical students continue to experience poor wellness while preparing for the pass/fail Step 1 exam. Minoritized students, especially those URiM, report more financial barriers in accessing resources for Step 1 preparation. The scoring transition has heightened uncertainty regarding how to prepare for residency. It is imperative that medical schools expand career advising efforts and continually update recommendations to ensure adequate preparation for residency applications.

Perspectives on the Pass/Fail USMLE Step 1: Comparisons between Minoritized & Represented Students

Background
Differing health outcomes in maternal and child health among communities are the result of a multitude of factors. Despite considerable advancements in women’s reproductive health, social disparities continue to affect the health and well-being of mothers and infants. These racial and socioeconomic disparities become evident especially in medically underserved regions where health providers and resources are few. This study investigated the relationship between race and maternal and infant health outcomes in San Bernardino County compared to Los Angeles and Riverside Counties.

Methods
Public datasets were retrieved from the California Health and Human Services and California Department of Public Health, containing data on the state’s birth and death records and infant health indicators for 2010 to 2021. Only data from San Bernardino (SB), Los Angeles (LA), and Riverside (RS) Counties were included. Within each county, maternal and infant deaths and infant health measures such as birthweight and gestational age were further examined and stratified by race. To compare maternal mortality, a rate of pregnancy-related deaths per 1000 live births was calculated. ANOVA was performed to analyze for differences in maternal and infant mortality and infant health measure rates relative to race among the three counties, with significance level set at 0.05.

Results
Average pregnancy-related deaths in SB, LA, and RS Counties were 124, 300, and 55 per year, respectively, with Hispanics accounting for approximately 50% of maternal deaths across each county. After analyzing pregnancy-related mortality rates, there were significant differences between SB and LA (4.3 vs 2.4, p=0.009) and SB and RS (4.3 vs 2.0, p=0.003) among Hispanics and between SB and LA (8.5 vs 5.1, p=0.04) only among Blacks. Also, SB County had a significantly greater pregnancy-related mortality rate than LA and RS Counties (both p<0.001). Furthermore, SB had higher rates compared to RS for low birthweight (p=0.02), preterm status (p<0.001), and infant mortality (p<0.001). SB also had a higher infant mortality rate compared to LA (p<0.001).

Conclusion
SB County experienced higher rates of pregnancy-related mortality compared with its neighboring counties, with infant mortality and birth complications following a similar trend. Our findings suggest that racial disparities can contribute to health inequity, as predominantly Hispanic and Black communities were adversely affected. Further research is needed to understand the potential social barriers confronting underserved communities in San Bernardino. Identifying the root causes for racial disparities in health outcomes can help guide community health programming and policy-making to address gaps in maternal and infant health.

Examining Disparities in Maternal and Child Health: A Comparative Study of San Bernardino County and Its Neighbors

Key words: Barbershops, Mental Health, Emotional Impact, Therapist, Talk Therapy


Introduction: Mens' mental health, particularly in communities of color, is an unkempt public health issue. In the United States, 1 in 8 men are likely to be diagnosed with a mental health illness, but compared to their women counterparts, are 33% less likely to reach out for intervention from a healthcare professional for mental or general health. What’s more, men are 3.56 times more likely to commit suicide than women. These numbers are hyper intense in Fort Worth, TX. Intervention is desperately needed. Our project goal is to utilize volunteer mental health professionals to provide focus groups, education, and health screening services to barbershops in underserved communities in Fort Worth, TX. The hope is that men of color will be able to have talk therapy during their haircut while receiving resources and support that they would/could not otherwise acquire. We will measure the likelihood of the men seeking mental health services after acquiring resources during their haircut, and how important safe spaces like the barbershop are vital in dismantling barriers to access resources. 

Method: 26 question electronical survey that gauge participants knowledge and accessibility to mental health resources in FW. PHQ2 is incorporated into the survey and will be done to gauge if follow up with MH professionals is needed during or after the project. The screening will be administered via electronic survey on iPad. Surveys will provide a participant ID to privately follow up and/or refer participants with anonymity. We will evaluate the emotional impact the project had on the patrons who visited that day. Additionally, it will measure the likelihood that individuals who attended followed up to receive mental health or general health services in the subsequent month.

Results: in a sample, n=45 individuals 68% percent deny promoting wellness in their everyday life. Over 53% denote moderate stressors being their occupation (24) and 33% severe stressors being Social injustice/race/class (18). 22.2% do not confide with anyone when they feel overwhelmed. 15% do not feel safe anywhere. 42% screened positive for depression via PHQ2, 59% believe their barber is like a therapist, 59% talk to their barbers about sensitive topics they do not talk to anyone else about. 93% feel more optimistic and less stress after leaving the barbershop. 57% felt more reassured about accessing mental health resources after the conclusion of the project. 74% stated it is important for them to have a therapist that looks like them. 53% stated that after the barbershop event, they probably and/or definitely would consider seeking a mental health provider. 46% stated barbershops are important to communities because haircuts make you feel better about yourself; 46% stated as well that barbershops are a place we can strategize how to be better for our community. 

Conclusion: Barbershops are a powerful setting in the de-stigmatization of mental health of men from minority communities. It instills confidence to access said resources and mobilizes ownership of their mental wellness as well as their community. More work needs to be done in creating a network of diverse therapists that can treat the multifaceted needs of the community. Additionally, training sessions would be invaluable to treat barbers how to identify anxiety or depression as well as equip them with resources to refer patrons accordingly. 

References:
1. The National Institute of Mental Health. (2021). Men and Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/men-and-mental-health/index.shtml
2. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2019). Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity - A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK44243/
3. National Alliance on Mental Illness. (2021). African American Mental Health. https://www.nami.org/Your-Journey/Identity-and-Cultural-Dimensions/Black-African-American
4. Ghafoori, B., Langer, D. A., & Hunter, S. J. (2020). Exploring the Role of Barbershops in Facilitating Men's Access to Mental Health Care. Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 7(4), 675–684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-019-00662-9
5. Hankerson, S. H., Suite, D., & Bailey, R. K. (2018). Treatment Preferences for Depression in Men of Color Who Participate in Community-Based Health Screening Events. Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 5(3), 598–607. https://doi.org/10.1007


Barbershop Talk Therapy Project: A Quality Improvement Study on Therapy-Led
Focus Groups for Minority Males in Community-Driven Spaces

Background
Research is recommended in medical training and residency, as per the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). This not only encourages academic interests among residents but also helps them adopt evidence-based approaches while treating patients. Early research training has been linked to continued scholarly work and informed career choices. However, many medical students and residents focus more on non-hypothesis-driven research, likely due to inadequate technical support and low interest. We have developed an OpenAI GPT3-based web application called AutoAnalyze to address this issue. 
Methods
The program was created using Visual Studio Code, and the code was written with Python, along with Streamlit and a variety of visualization packages. For ad hoc visualization, additional programs are invoked de novo by user input. Application programming interfaces (APIs) for OpenAI ChatGPT3.5 were integrated for activation depending on specific user feature choices. Custom prompts and APIs enabled highly focused functionality, with coding details available on 
GitHub repository under the MIT licence: https://github.com/DrDavidL/auto_analyze.Streamlit.io hosts the application on a public site: https://data-auto-analysis.streamlit.app/.
Results
AutoAnalyze simplifies the technical aspects of hypothesis-driven research, making it easy to conduct research using pre-coded options or via natural language inputs. With AutoAnalyze, users can perform data exploration, missing data imputation, and data visualization. Additionally, it generates publication-worthy images like bar charts, pie charts, scatterplots, and principal component analysis with just a few clicks. AutoAnalyze also provides teaching pearls on visualization techniques and summarizes relevant statistics in table format. AutoAnalyze can perform machine learning analytic methods like logistic regression, decision trees, random 
forests, gradient boosting machines (GBMs), and support vector machines (SVM) to perform predictive analysis in an easy-to-comprehend user-friendly format. It does this without requiring the user to type in any code or understand a computer programming language. Furthermore, the chatbot teacher feature enables users to probe data or learn data science using regular English words and sentences.
Conclusion
Overall, AutoAnalyze represents an efficient solution to address the inadequate technical support for medical research challenges medical students and residents face. It has the potential to increase their research interest in academic medicine.


Increasing Interest in Medical Research and Academic Medicine With Auto Analyzer; an OpenAI GPT-3-Based Web Application

Background
The Muslim community of Steelton, Pennsylvania faces many negative social determinants of health, centering around a lack of economic stability and cultural barriers to health. In a close collaboration between the Islamic Society of Greater Harrisburg (ISGH), Penn State Lion Care, Penn State Community Health, and Penn State Muslim Student Association (MSA), a health fair was established at the ISGH mosque to provide education and resources to the local Muslim community.
Methods
Planning was initiated 6 months in advance, which included establishing relationships with stakeholders, solidifying a time and location for the event, recruiting volunteers, marketing, and other logistical tasks. Volunteer recruitment occurred primarily through pre-established organizational networks and used mediums such as email, group messaging, and word-of- mouth. Event marketing included distributing event fliers at 6 different local mosques after Friday prayer for 3 weeks leading up to the event. The health fair included stations which were uniquely designed around community needs and were created and run by volunteers, who included medical students, residents, attending physicians, and community health staff. Stations included engaging informational posters and unique free giveaways such as sunscreen, hats, and informational brochures. A “health passport” system was created to further engage event attendees.
Results
The health fair lasted for 3 hours, in which 38 people attended. 31 attendees received an Influenza vaccine, 28 had their blood pressure read, and 11 had blood glucose read. 27 volunteers, 13 were Muslims. Three referrals were made to LionCare. A total of 12 patients needed translation services, which included English, French, Urdu, and Arabic
languages. Screenings included blood pressure and blood glucose levels, and flu shot administration. Information stations included: diabetes education, mental health awareness, women’s health, pediatric injury prevention, vaccination myths, exercise and nutrition, colon cancer screening, skin cancer prevention, and free clinic resources.
Conclusion
Successful elements of the health fair included working with diverse volunteers that spoke multiple languages to translate for patients, tailoring topics to the Muslim population’s health needs, encouraging engagement within the health fair through interactive activities, and providing care within a cultural context (i.e. private spaces for men and women, avoiding music inside the mosque, modest attire for volunteers, etc.).
Future improvements include pairing the health fair with an already established community event, such as Friday prayer, to help increase attendance. Since this was a first time event, establishing consistency and building a respectable reputation in the community can incentivize more attendance in the future.


Establishing a Health Fair at a Mosque for an Underserved Muslim Population

Background:
Policymakers have promoted Urgent Care (UC) as an alternative to the emergency department. We examined the proportion of UC visits managed by emergency physicians (EPs) vs other providers and how this distribution has changed over time.

Methods:
We examined UC claims for a national, 20% sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65 and older from 2011-2017. We identified provider specialty, patient characteristics and visit diagnosis. For each year, we calculated the number of UC visits per 100 beneficiaries as well the rate and proportion of visits managed by provider specialty. We then created 3 specialty groups: EPs, advanced practice professionals (APPs; nurse practitioners, physician assistants) and other physicians. We compared visit characteristics among these groups for 2016-2017.

Results:
In our sample of 2,517, 333 UC visits, utilization rose from 3.8 UC visits per 100 beneficiaries in 2011 to 9.3 visits per 100 beneficiaries in 2017. The most frequent provider specialties were family practice (FP), emergency medicine (EM), physician assistant (PA), nurse practitioner (NP) and internal medicine (IM). All 5 specialties saw a rise in utilization, but the relative increase was greatest for NPs (+603%), followed by PAs (+337%), IM (+104%), FP (+81%), and EM (64%). FP, the most frequent specialty, declined from 39.9% of visits in 2011 to 30.0% in 2017. EPs were the second most common providers in 2011 (25.8%) but dropped to fourth place in 2017 (17.6%). Visits to PAs rose from 13.7% to 22.6% and NPs from 6.4% to 18.6%. The top diagnoses were upper respiratory tract infection (14.6%), urinary tract infection (6.2%), bronchitis (6.0%), skin infections (4.6%) and lower respiratory tract infection (4.3%) and this distribution was stable over time. EPs cared for older patients (mean 75.4 years) compared to APPs (74.8 years) and other physicians (75.2 years). Chronic condition burden was lowest for APPs, followed by EPs and other physicians. Non-EM physicians cared for the greatest proportion of Medicaid-eligible beneficiaries (7.9%) followed by APPs (6.8%) and EPs (6.0%).

Conclusions:
UC utilization has risen markedly in recent years but this rise has been greatest for APPs, with a decline in the proportion of visits managed by EPs and other physicians. EPs cared for an older, sicker population while FPs saw a greater share of disadvantaged patients as measured by dual Medicaid-eligibility. 


Trends in Provider Specialty for Urgent Care Visits Among Medicare Beneficiaries from 2011-2017

This study investigates the feasibility and impact of a 12-week intervention combining Ashtanga yoga and mindfulness-enhanced behavioral lifestyle educational practices on mental and physical health outcomes in community-dwelling South Asian immigrant women. Thirty participants, recruited from diverse community gatherings, engaged in weekly sessions comprising 90 minutes of yoga and 30 minutes of mindfulness-enhanced interventions. Participants’ were an average age of was 53±6.3 years, with a mean BMI of 28.5±4.2, indicating overweight. Recruitment was successful, with 28 (93%) completing the study, demonstrating high feasibility. Participant attendance and satisfaction were strong, reinforcing acceptability. Significant improvements were observed in self-reported questionnaires, including mindfulness facets, depression, sleep quality, self-esteem, and physical activity levels. Objective assessments revealed improvements in mobility, grip strength, cognitive function, and systolic blood pressure. These findings support the feasibility and potential benefits of the intervention in enhancing mental and physical health outcomes in this population.

Group-Led Yoga and Mindfulness Intervention to Improve Mental and Physical Health Outcomes in a High-Risk Minority Population: South Asian Middle- and Older-Aged Women


Background: Trauma informed care (TIC) is an approach to clinical care centering how trauma affects patients, especially those in marginalized communities. TIC has been shown to improve psychobehavioral outcomes and increase trust between patients and clinicians. Despite the evidence for TIC’s role in patient-centered care, there is a gap in teaching TIC within medical education, particularly with an intersectional lens. To address this, we sought to develop, implement, and evaluate a TIC elective course. 

Methods: Through literature review and collaboration with faculty and community experts in TIC, we identified six intersectional topics for the 8-week course: sexual assault/trafficking, domestic violence, healthcare-induced trauma, state sanctioned violence, displacement trauma, and neighbourhood violence. Each class focused on one topic, with the first and last class consisting of an introduction to a trauma-informed care framework and medical student presentations, respectively. Teaching methodologies included traditional lecture, restorative discussion circles, and a case-based learning format incorporating dialogue with faculty/community TIC experts. 15 preclinical medical students participated. A nested mixed methods approach was used to evaluate the elective. Quantitative data included pre/post surveys with Likert-type questions on trauma-informed care knowledge and attitudes (Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care, ARTIC). Qualitative data was collected through a focus group nested at the end of the course to explore students’ perspectives on the elective. 

Results: There was a significant increase of 29.0% in mean self-reported knowledge of TIC (p<0.001). There was a significant increase of 7.4% in ARTIC scores (p<0.05). Four themes emerged from focus group analysis: (1) need for consistent TIC teaching, practice, and assessment in primary medical education curricula, (2) importance of learning an intersectional TIC framework for understanding and responding to trauma, (3) appreciation for an interactive case-based discussion format and use of restorative circles, and (4) balance of teaching from academic medical faculty and community TIC experts. 

Conclusion: Evaluation of this skills-based, community-oriented TIC elective course showed improvement in medical students’ TIC knowledge and attitudes. Students shared positive feedback regarding the pedagogical approach utilized. They emphasized the need for this intersectional approach to TIC as a required part of medical education. The efficacy of TIC incorporation in medical education may be improved through use of more interactive teaching styles and an intersectional framework, with multiple opportunities to practice TIC skills. This may ensure that students can successfully utilize TIC in patient interactions now and in the future.

Transforming Medical Education: 
Intersectional Approaches to Trauma-Informed Care

The integration of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) curricula in undergraduate medical education has become increasingly common over the last decade. Many studies have shown the benefits of POCUS curricula on improving medical student performance on assessments including anatomy exams and objective structured clinical examinations. However, there is substantial variation of POCUS curriculum across U.S. medical schools, and of the schools with an approved POCUS curriculum, few have longitudinal four-year programs with tailored projects geared to prepare medical students for residency. Specifically, a recent study emphasized the necessity of future studies assessing student evaluations in clerkships with significant POCUS use. Although many specialty programs include POCUS competencies as part of their residency milestones, ultrasound is not considered a required entrustable professional activity (EPA) to graduate medical school, which poses a challenge for rising residents in POCUS-heavy specialties. Our focus is to identify the advantages of completing a four-year POCUS longitudinal curriculum, which includes a residency-specific project, in preparation for graduate medical education. We developed two IRB-approved surveys, one for medical students involved in ultrasound education and one for clerkship and residency directors at local clinical sites, to assess perceived preparedness for use of POCUS in students’ desired specialties. The students’ degree of involvement across all four years of undergraduate medical education was stratified and comparatively assessed to designated outcomes. Students were asked about degree of involvement in ultrasound curriculum, level of proficiency in various procedures, performance during clerkship rotations, and United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 2 scores. Clerkship and residency program directors were also asked about impact of ultrasound education on student performance during rotations and on performance during residency. Preliminary findings indicate residency directors strongly agree that ultrasound curriculum is beneficial to students’ clerkship experiences. Directors also indicate that residents who have completed ultrasound curriculum have advanced performance in their specialty and can better integrate bedside ultrasound results into patient care plans. For students, we expect that those who complete the four-year POCUS curriculum will perform the highest on all assessments and feel most prepared to enter their desired specialty residency programs. Some limitations to this study may include the period of time the longitudinal curriculum has been in place, thus limiting the number of students who have completed all program requirements. Overall, the longitudinal POCUS curriculum is expected to demonstrate an effective transition-to-residency model and encourage improvement of ultrasound education programs in other medical institutions.

Underline digital video library

Association Between Difficulty Communicating and Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening

Investigating How Social & Structural Barriers to Vaccine Access and Lack of Trustworthiness May Impact Vaccination Rates Among African Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Facilitating Medical Students in Pursuit of Scholarly Activity: A Quality Initiative Using A3 Problem Solving to Improve Student Resources

Perspectives on the Pass/Fail USMLE Step 1: Comparisons between Minoritized & Represented Students

Examining Disparities in Maternal and Child Health: A Comparative Study of San Bernardino County and Its Neighbors

Barbershop Talk Therapy Project: A Quality Improvement Study on Therapy-Led Focus Groups for Minority Males in Community-Driven Spaces

Increasing Interest in Medical Research and Academic Medicine With Auto Analyzer; an OpenAI GPT-3-Based Web Application

Establishing a Health Fair at a Mosque for an Underserved Muslim Population

Trends in Provider Specialty for Urgent Care Visits Among Medicare Beneficiaries from 2011-2017

Group-Led Yoga and Mindfulness Intervention to Improve Mental and Physical Health Outcomes in a High-Risk Minority Population: South Asian Middle- and Older-Aged Women

Transforming Medical Education: Intersectional Approaches to Trauma-Informed Care

A retrospective longitudinal cohort study of medical student ultrasound curriculum involvement in determining clerkship and post-graduate success

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