Pressure-driven membrane processes are widely-applied techniques in the field of water and wastewater treatment. Currently, polymeric membranes are of dominance in this market for their low fabrication cost, high scalability and high separation factor. On the other hand, ceramic membranes have been receiving global attention in this field as well, attributed to their apparent advantages including easy surface functionalization, high intrinsic permeability, high thermal and chemical stability and excellent mechanical strength, although the main hindrance for wide acceptance of ceramic membranes is their higher fabrication cost compared to that of polymeric membrane. However, the ceramic membrane offers novel applications, for instance, to impart a reactive functionality via introducing nanocatalysts onto/into the ceramic membrane, such that the membrane can work as a hybrid filtration and catalytic reactor. The present work interpreted the advantages of ceramic membranes over their counterparts of polymeric membranes, showed specific work to demonstrate excellent performance of ceramic membrane and gave the perspectives on ceramic membranes, which as key players to replace polymeric membranes in the water-treatment field.

Potential replacement of polymeric membranes with ceramic membranes for water and wastewater treatment

Molecular Dynamics MOOC 11.2.6. Nish's Experiment

In electrostatics, you will learn about charges, electric filed lines and drift velocity of electrons, Gauss' law of electrostatic field, voltage difference and microscopic Ohm's law connecting voltage and current through the conductors. You will learn how some materials are conductors, some are semi-conductors and some are insulators of electrical charge.

Electrostatics Segment 3: Polarization and Induced Charge

Electrostatics Segment 2: Conductors and Insulators Electrical Charges

Electrostatics Segment 1: Electrical Charge

Electrostatics Segment 4: Electrostatic Force and Coulomb's Law

Electrostatics Segment 5: The Electric Field

Electrostatics Segment 6: Gauss's Law

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Potential replacement of polymeric membranes with ceramic membranes for water and wastewater treatment

Molecular Dynamics MOOC 11.2.6. Nish's Experiment

Electrostatics Segment 3: Polarization and Induced Charge

Electrostatics Segment 2: Conductors and Insulators Electrical Charges

Electrostatics Segment 1: Electrical Charge

Electrostatics Segment 4: Electrostatic Force and Coulomb's Law

Electrostatics Segment 5: The Electric Field

Electrostatics Segment 6: Gauss's Law

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